基于物理原理的声源定位实验设计

Experimental design of sound source localization based on physical principle

本文使用信号发生器、直流稳压电源、数字示波器、直流电机、四元麦克风线阵、数显角度尺、扬声器等常规物理实验仪器和部分自制装置搭建了一个室内声源定位系统,利用直流电机带动四元麦克风线阵和数显角度尺同轴旋转,将四元麦克风线阵接收到的声波信号经放大和滤波处理后输入示波器,根据示波器上利萨如图形的形态判断声源方位,由数显角度尺测量线阵的转动角,再利用三角函数计算出声源的位置坐标.实验结果表明,此方法进行声源定位精度高,误差小,成本低.

An indoor sound source localization system is built by conventional physical experiment instruments,such as signal generator,DC regulated power supply,digital oscilloscope,DC motor,quad-microphone line array,digital display angle ruler,loudspeaker,and some self-made devices.The DC motor is used to drive the quad-microphone line array and the digital display angle ruler to rotate coaxially.The sound wave signal received by the quad-microphone line array is amplified and filtered and then sent to an oscilloscope.The sound is judged according to the shape of Lissajou figure on oscilloscope.For the source orientation,the rotation angle of the line array is measured by a digital display angle ruler,and then the position coordinates of the sound source are calculated by u sin g trigonometric functions.Experimental results show that this method has high accuracy,small error and low cos t for sound source localization.