应用膳食平衡指数评价温州市居民膳食质量

Evaluation of dietary quality among residents in Wenzhou City by diet balance index

目的了解浙江省温州市居民的膳食质量,为开展营养健康教育及制定干预方案提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法在温州市6个县(市、区)随机抽取≥18岁的居民作为调查对象,采用3天24小时膳食回顾法收集膳食摄入情况,采用中国膳食平衡指数(DBI_16)评分方法评价膳食质量。结果调查406人,年龄以18~44岁为主,254人占62.56%。男性197人,占48.52%;女性209人,占51.48%。调查对象DBI总分M(Q_(R))为-31(8)分,评价为膳食摄入不足的有404人,占99.51%;DBI正端分M(Q_(R))为5(6)分,膳食摄入较适宜的有288人,占70.94%;DBI负端分M(Q_(R))为37(6)分,膳食高度摄入不足的有210人,占51.72%。发现A、B、C、E和F共5种膳食模式,以模式B为主,307人占75.62%;未见模式D、H、I和G。结论本次调查的居民膳食质量存在膳食失衡问题,主要表现为摄入不足,建议加强营养健康指导。

Objective To evaluate the dietary quality of residents in Wenzhou City,Zhejiang Province,so as to provide the basis for future health education and nutrition intervention programs.Methods A stratified multi-stage random sam-pling method was used to select residents aged 18 years and older in 6 counties(cities,districts)of Wenzhou City as the study subjects,“24-hour dietary review for 3 consecutive days”was adopted to collect dietary intake,and the di-et balance index(DBI_16)scoring method was applied to evaluate the dietary quality.Results This study analyzed the dietary quality of 406 residents in Wenzhou City,including 197 males(48.52%)and 209 females(51.48%).The majori-ty of the residents were aged 18-44 years(254 residents,62.56%).The median DBI total score was-31(interquartile range,8),and 404 residents had insufficient dietary intake,accounting for 99.51%.The median DBI positive score was 5(interquartile range,6),and 288 residents had appropriate dietary intake,accounting for 70.94%.The median DBI negative score was 37(interquartile range,6),and 210 residents had a high level of insufficient dietary intake,account-ing for 51.72%.Five dietary patterns,namely A,B,C,E and F,were identified,with pattern B being the most domi-nant,accounting for 75.62%of the total(307 individuals).Patterns D,H,I and G were not observed.Conclusions The dietary quality of the residents surveyed indicates the existence of dietary imbalances,mainly manifesting as inade-quate intake.It is recommended to strengthen nutritional and health guidance.