生姜精油CO_(2)超临界提取工艺优化及其抗肿瘤活性研究

Optimization of CO_(2) Supercritical Extraction Process of Essential Oil from Ginger and Its Anti-Tumor Activity

植物中精油的提取方式很多,然而传统的生姜精油提取工艺中存在很多不足,超临界流体是近些年发展起来的一种新型的精油提取工艺,与传统提取方式相比较,精油品质得到了明显的改善。基于此,该研究利用单因素试验和正交试验优化CO_(2)超临界法提取生姜精油工艺,研究结果表明,生姜精油的最佳提取工艺为提取温度40℃、提取压力25 MPa、CO_(2)流量1.5 L/min和提取时间35 min,此时生姜精油的提取率为4.58%;再通过GC-MS对CO_(2)超临界法提取的生姜精油挥发性成分进行分析,发现生姜精油中一共有29种挥发性成分,其中萜烯类化合物含量较高,姜烯含量最高(相对含量为37.623%);其次是α-姜黄烯,相对含量为10.314%。此外,该研究还对生姜精油抗肿瘤生物活性的研究现状进行了总结,目前的相关研究结果表明,生姜精油在抗肿瘤方面的应用前景非常广阔。

There are many ways to extract essential oils from plants.However,there are many deficiencies in the traditional ginger essential oil extraction process.Supercritical fluid is a new type of essential oil extraction process that has developed in recent years.Compared with traditional extraction methods,the quality of essential oil has been significantly improved.Based on this,in this study,single factor test and orthogonal test are used to optimize the extraction process of essensial oil from ginger by CO_(2) supercritical method.The research results show that the optimal extraction process of ginger essential oil is extraction temperature of 40℃,extraction pressure of 25 MPa,CO_(2) flow rate of 1.5 L/min and extraction time of 35 min.At this time,the extraction rate of ginger essential oil is 4.58%,and then the volatile components of ginger essential oil extracted by CO_(2) supercritical method are analyzed by GC-MS.It is found that there are a total of 29 volatile components in ginger essential oil,among which,the content of terpenes is relatively high,and the content of zingiberene is the highest(the relative content of 37.623%),followed byα-curcumene,with the relative content of 10.314%.In addition,the current research status of anti-tumor bioactivity of ginger essential oil is also summarized.Current relevant research results show that ginger essential oil has a broad application prospect in anti-tumor aspect.