写作教学中读者意识的培养——以湖南大学主题写作课“广告文化”为例

Cultivation of Audience Awareness in Writing Instruction as Exemplified by the Theme Writing Course“Advertising Culture”at Hunan University as an Example

在写作训练中,读者意识的培养是突破写作瓶颈的关键之一。问题意识不强、论证缺乏逻辑、文章前后不一致等常见的问题都可能与读者意识的缺失有关。通识写作课程将读者意识的培养渗透到写作训练的不同环节,在确定选题阶段设置自我评价表,针对文章预设的读者进行提问,帮助学生提出有价值的问题。在分析论证阶段设置辩论环节,从读者角度探究问题、调整论述,使论述有的放矢。在初稿完成阶段,展示与互评让学生身兼作者与读者双重身份,全方位检验读者意识,为修改文章提供标准。学生经历作者与读者身份的几次互换,通过突破作者身份局限来促进读者意识的培养。读者意识的培养不仅有助于优化写作,还有着改进研究思路、丰富研究方法、启迪研究价值取向的重要意义。

In writing training,cultivating audience awareness is one of the key elements to break through writing bottlenecks.Common problems such as weak question awareness,lack of logical argumentation,and inconsistency in the flow of the text may be related to the absence of audience awareness.This course integrates the cultivation of reader awareness into various stages of writing training.During the topic selection phase,self-assessment forms are introduced to prompt students to ask valuable questions by considering preset audience of their articles.In the analysis and argumentation phase,debating sessions are incorporated to encourage students to explore issues from the perspective of audience,adjust their arguments accordingly,and ensure accuracy in their arguments.Upon completing of the initial draft,presentation and peer review allow students to assume the dual role of author and audience,comprehensively assessing audience awareness in the articles and providing standards for revision.Through several role reversals between author and audience,students transcend the limitations of their authorial identity,thus fostering audience awareness.Cultivating audience awareness not only aids in optimizing writing,but also holds significant importance in improving research perspectives,enriching research methods,and enlightening research value orientations.