不同AMF菌肥对桑树“嘉陵30”生长和叶品质的影响

Effects of Different AMF Fertilizers on the Growthand Leaf Quality of Mulberry“Jialing 30”

“嘉陵30”是我国西南地区大面积推广种植的优质果叶两用桑树(Morus alba)品种,为了研究不同丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)菌肥对其生长和桑叶品质的影响,实验添施了5种AMF菌肥,并比较桑树植株的色素含量、生长发育和叶片品质在施加前后的差异,以此筛选出适合“嘉陵30”的最佳菌肥。结果显示:(1)色素含量方面,与对照相比,施加隐类球囊霉(Paraglom occultum)菌肥的植株叶绿素b、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量均显著增加,分别提高30.00%、21.96%和21.35%。(2)生长发育方面,与对照相比,施加隐类球囊霉菌肥的植株株高、基径、叶面积、叶干重、茎干重、总干重均显著增加,分别提高50.32%、21.06%、31.68%、27.25%、98.39%和39.01%。(3)叶片品质方面,与对照组相比,施加根内球囊霉(Glomus intraradices)的植株叶C、N、粗蛋白以及总氨基酸含量均显著增加,分别提高4.07%、3.94%、4.51%和7.14%,而生物碱显著降低64.30%。上述结果表明,施加隐类球囊霉菌肥在促进植株生长发育和增加生物量的积累方面效果最佳,而施加根内球囊霉菌肥在提高桑叶品质方面效果更好。

Mulberry(Jialing 30)as a high-quality morus alba with friut-leaf dual purpose,is a widely planted variety in southwest China.Five AMF was selected and inoculated to“Jialing 30”for exploring the effects of different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)fertilizers on its growth and leaf quality,and the differences in leaf pigment content,growth and leaf quality before and after inoculation were compared to screen out the best fungi fertilizer.The results are as follows:(1)In the aspect of leaf pigment content,the leaf contents of chlorophyll b,total chlorophyll and carotenoid in mulberry inoculated with Paraglom occultum have significantly increased by 30.00%,21.96%and 21.35%respectively when compared with those of the control group;(2)In the aspect of growth,the height,ground diameter,leaf area,leaf dry weight,stem dry weight and total dry weight have obviously increased by 50.32%,21.06%,31.68%,27.25%,98.39%and 39.01%respectively after inoculation with P.occultum when compared with those of the control group;(3)In the aspect of leaf quality,the leaf carbon content,leaf nitrogen content,crude protein and total amino acid have increased by 4.07%,3.94%,4.51%and 7.14%respectively under inoculation with Glomus intraradices when compared with those of the control group,but the alkaloid content in leaves was significantly reduced by 64.30%.Therefore,the results suggest that the inoculation of P.occultum has the best effect in promoting the growth and biomass accumulation whereas the inoculation of G.intraradices has better effect in improving the leaf quality of mulberry“Jialing 30”.