盐胁迫对4个种源文冠果的影响及其耐盐性综合评价

The Effects of Salt Stress on Four Xanthoceras sorbifolium Provenances and Their Salt Tolerance Comprehensive Evaluation

以山东东营市、新疆昌吉回族自治州、陕西咸阳市、内蒙古赤峰市的文冠果种子为试材,设置7个盐胁迫处理,盐浓度分别为0(对照)、50、100、150、200、250、300 mmol·L^(-1),25 d后观察不同程度盐胁迫时4个种源文冠果种子萌发、幼苗生长及盐害情况;结合主成分分析法和隶属函数法进行分析,综合评价各种源文冠果的耐盐性。结果表明:随着盐浓度的增加,4个种源文冠果种子发芽率和发芽势均不同程度下降,相对盐害率则逐渐升高。昌吉种源种子对盐胁迫的适应性最强,东营种源种子次之,最后为咸阳及赤峰种源种子。各种源文冠果幼苗的苗高、根长、地上部、地下部生物量及根冠比均受盐胁迫影响,其中,昌吉种源幼苗在各盐浓度处理时长势均最好。4个种源文冠果幼苗的盐害指数和盐害率均随盐浓度的升高逐渐增大,各种源的半致死盐浓度由高到低依次为昌吉、东营、咸阳、赤峰,分别为175.13、170.93、154.72、141.04 mmol·L^(-1)。耐盐性综合评价结果同盐害指数及盐害率的结果一致,均表现为昌吉种源幼苗对盐胁迫的耐性最强。4个种源文冠果种子及幼苗的耐盐能力从强到弱依次为昌吉、东营、咸阳、赤峰。

Using Xanthoceras sorbifolium seeds from Dongying City,Shandong Province,Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture in Xinjiang,Xianyang City in Shaanxi Province,and Chifeng City in Inner Mongolia,seven salt stress treatments were established with salt concentrations of 0(control),50,100,150,200,250,and 300 mmol·L^(-1).After 25 days,the germination,seedling growth,and salt damage of X.sorbifolium seeds from the four provenances under varying degrees of salt stress were observed.Principal component analysis and membership function analysis were used for comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance.The results showed that with increasing salt concentration,the germination rate and vigor of X.sorbifolium seeds from the four provenances decreased to varying degrees,while the relative salt damage rate gradually increased.The Changji provenance showed the strongest adaptability to salt stress,followed by Dongying,and then Xianyang and Chifeng provenances.The seedling height,root length,aboveground and underground biomass,and root-to-shoot ratio of X.sorbifolium seedlings from the four provenances were all affected by salt stress,with the Changji seedlings exhibiting the best growth at all salt concentrations.The salt damage index and rate of the seedlings from the four provenances increased with higher salt concentrations,with the half-lethal salt concentration ranging from highest to lowest for Changji,Dongying,Xianyang,and Chifeng at 175.13,170.93,154.72,and 141.04 mmol·L^(-1),respectively.The comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance yielded consistent results with the salt damage index and rate,showing that the Changji provenance seedlings exhibited the highest tolerance to salt stress.The salt tolerance capacity of X.sorbifolium seeds and seedlings from the four provenances ranked from strongest to weakest as Changji,Dongying,Xianyang,and Chifeng.