在地而新:地方营造视角下的乡村新生活方式建构

Localized Reorganization:Construction of a New Rural Lifestyle on the Perspective of Place-making

在传统、单一的生产效益比较视野下,乡村与城市通常被视为现代化发展的两端。实质上,城乡二者作为两种异质的聚落空间形态,最终服务的是人之生活本身。在这一意义上,乡村可被化约为人在世敞开的经验场域,城乡进而呈现为“一体两面”的关系。引鉴地方营造这一理论视角加以深入分析,乡村振兴最为根本的目的是要通过乡村社群主体的建构,对乡村集体场域进行再标识,藉由文化发展等更新塑造出乡村新生活方式,进而在体现美好生活新要求、完成乡村建设新使命、塑造乡村新业态、化育乡村文化新母体等四“新”方面上加以再造,最终基于乡村这一地域实现人与人、人与地的在地化平衡与自洽更新。

Comparing rural areas and cities from the perspectives of industrialization and economic development,we found that they stand at the two opposite ends of modernization.In essence,urban and rural areas,as two heterogeneous settlement space forms,ultimately serve human life itself.In this sense,the rural area can be defined as an experiential field open to human existence,and the urban-rural relationship has been presented as“dual aspects of one aim”.From the perspective of place-making,the most fundamental thing about rural revitalization is to renew and reidentify the rural social structure through the construction of community subjects,and reorganize a new rural lifestyle through the cultural development.The whole process involves reshaping rural areas in four aspects:meeting the new require-ments for a better life,fulfilling the new mission of rural construction,shaping the new rural business forms and fostering the new matrix of rural culture.In this way,a localized balance among people as well as between people and land and self-consistent renewal will be ultimately achieved.