创业类型的体系重构——兼论房价变动对不同类型创业选择的差异化影响

Restructuring the System of Entrepreneurial Types:with Discussion on the Differentiated Impact of House Price Changes on Different Types of Entrepreneurial Choices

结合“创业意愿—创业资源”的2×2组合,将创业类型从传统的“机会型—生存型”二分法扩展为四分法,丰富了对创业群体异质性的认识。利用房价变动作为改变创业意愿及创业资源的外在冲击,研究房价变动对不同类型创业的差异性影响。综合考虑房价变动可能带来的抵押效应、财富效应和替代效应,理论上可预期房价变动对机会型创业较生存型创业的抑制作用更弱,对被动型创业较主动型创业的抑制作用更弱,对机会型被动创业的抑制作用最弱。使用CLDS 2014—2016年调查数据的实证分析结果支持了理论分析结果。

By combining the“entrepreneurial intention”and“entrepreneurial resources”into a 2×2 matrix,the traditional dichotomy of“opportunity-driven”and“necessity-driven”entrepreneurship is extended into four categories,enriching the understanding of the heterogeneity among entrepreneurial groups.Using housing price fluctuations as an exogenous shock that changes entrepreneurial intentions and resources,this study examines the differential impacts of housing price changes on different types of entrepreneurship.Considering the potential collateral effect,wealth effect,and substitution effect of housing price changes,it can theoretically be expected that the impact of housing price changes on opportunity-driven entrepreneurship is weaker than on necessity-driven entrepreneurship,the impact on passive entrepreneurship is weaker than on active entrepreneurship,and the impact on opportunity-passive entrepreneurship is the weakest.The empirical analysis using the CLDS 2014—2016 survey data supports these theoretical hypotheses.