基于主动表征数据的城市虚拟空间意象测度研究--以南京中心城区为例

Measurement of Urban Virtual Spatial Imagery Based on Active Representation Data:The Case of Nanjing Central City

城市意象作为民众对建成环境特征要素的集体记忆,表征着城市的在地性文化和市民的集体认同,是构建人本城市的重要基石,成为高质量发展背景下的重要议题。在网络社会背景下,城市意象呈现出“基于现实世界的体验式感知”“基于虚拟空间的泛在化感知”两种不同的感知模式;虚拟空间意象的相关研究成为热点。以南京中心城区为例,文章基于主动表征数据,采用地理信息系统(GIS)空间分析、OPTICS算法和自然语言处理(NLP)方法,构建虚拟空间意象测度模型,发现虚拟空间意象热点呈现“核心+边缘”的分布模式和“历史城区集聚,外围散点分布”的集聚特征。基于“由点到面”的聚类思想,采用OPTICS聚类方法测度区域要素,填补相关研究空白;创新性地将情绪性分析引入虚拟空间意象的评估,结合感知热度和情绪强度,划分节点和标志要素;将识别结果与南京市国土空间总体规划进行对比,验证本方法的准确有效性和研究价值。

As the people's collective memory of the characteristic elements of the built environment,city image characterizes the local culture and the collective identity of the citizens,which is an important cornerstone for the construction of a human-centered city.It has become an important issue in the context of high-quality development.Under the background of the network society,city image presents two different perception modes:"experiential perception based on the real world and ubiquitous perception based on virtual space".Research on virtual spatial imagery has become a hot topic.Taking the central city of Nanjing as an example,this paper constructs a virtual spatial imagery measurement model based on active representation data using GIS spatial analysis,the OPTICS clustering algorithm,and natural language processing methods.It is found that the virtual spatial imagery hotspots show the distribution pattern of"core+edge"and the clustering characteristics of"historical urban area clustering and peripheral scattered distribution".Based on the clustering idea of"from point to surface",the OPTICS clustering method is adopted to measure the district elements,which fills the gaps in the related research.Emotional analyses are innovatively introduced into the evaluation of virtual spatial imagery,and the node and landmark elements are classified by combining the perceived heatiness and the emotional intensity.The comparison of the identification results with the Nanjing Territorial Spatial Master Plan verify the accurate validity and research value of this method.