青海湖裸鲤肠道菌群对不同盐度胁迫的响应

Response of intestinal microbiome of Gymnocypris przewalskii to different salinity stresses

为了探讨盐度胁迫对青海湖裸鲤(Gymnocypris przewalskii)肠道菌群结构的影响,基于三代全长16S扩增子测序技术,对不同盐度(0、5、10、15)下青海湖裸鲤肠道内容物进行微生物测序及信息分析。结果表明:在门水平上,不同盐度组青海湖裸鲤肠道菌群的相对丰度不同,对照组(盐度0)和低盐度组(盐度5、10)肠道菌群中,相对丰度较高的是梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria),其次是厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)等也占有一定比例,高盐度组(盐度15)中以变形菌门、拟杆菌门、浮霉菌门和疣微菌门为主要菌群;在属水平上,对照组和低盐度组肠道菌群中鲸杆菌属(Cetobacterium)和气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)相对丰度较高,其次是弧菌属(Vibrio)和希瓦氏菌属(Shewanella),高盐度组中以弧菌属、假红杆菌属(Pseudorhodobacter)和卤蕨属(Haloferula)为主要菌群。研究表明,低盐度(盐度≤10)胁迫对青海湖裸鲤肠道菌群结构的影响不大,而高盐度(盐度≥15)胁迫则会抑制青海湖裸鲤肠道菌群和优势菌群的生长且影响较大。

In order to explore the effect of salinity stress on the structure of the intestinal flora of Gymnocypris przewalskii,microbial sequencing and information analysis of the intestinal contents of G.przewalskii at different salinity(0,5,10,15)were based on the three-generation full-length 16S amplicon sequencing technology.The relative abundance of the intestinal flora of G.przewalskii differed in different salinity groups,with higher relative abundance of Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria,followed by Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes,in the intestinal flora in the control group(salinity 0)and in the low-salinity group(salinity 5,10).Verrucomicrobia,Actinobacteria and Planctomycetes were also represented.Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Planctomycetes and Verrucomicrobia were the dominant flora in the high-salinity group(salinity 15).At genus level,the relative abundance of Cetobacterium and Aeromonas followed by Vibrio and Shewanella was higher in the intestinal flora in the control and low-salinity groups,while Vibrio,Pseudorhodobacter and Haloferula were the dominant flora in the high-salinity group.The findings indicated that low-salinity(salinity≤10)stress had little effect on the structure of the intestinal flora of G.przewalskii,whereas high-salinity(salinity≥15)stress inhibited and had a greater effect on the growth of the intestinal flora and dominant flora of G.przewalskii.