知觉恒常性概念及问题澄清

Concept of Perceptual Constancy and Clarification of Questions

作为一种心理现象,知觉恒常性从知觉场中被剥离出来,抽象为知觉的不变性或相似性。这使研究者混乱地处理研究的问题。在神经科学的研究中,知觉的变化和恒常被错误地归因于物理和心理两个不对称的层面。前者被还原为外界物理刺激的变化,后者被还原为大脑特定模块的活动。研究者或追求多要素模型的不断优化,或过于追求大脑活动的细节,最终却难以说明恒常发生的机制。知觉恒常性并非知觉不变性,其同时蕴含着变化和不变。恒常和变化同属于知觉层面,而非物理和心理的不同层面。对知觉恒常性的说明需要超越“物理-心理”的观念鸿沟,更需要超越“恒常-变化”的二元观念结构。超越性的知觉瞬间无常亦无变。

ed as immutability or similarity,which induces confusion for researchers to deal with research questions.In the research of neuroscience,changes and constancy of perception are often erroneously attributed to two asymmetrical levels of physics and psychology:the former is reduced to changes in external physical stimulation;the latter is reduced to the activity of specific modules of the brain.Researchers either pursue the continuous optimization of the multi-factor model,or excessively pursue the details of brain activity,but ultimately suffer the difficulty in explaining the mechanism of constant occurrence.Perceptual constancy is not perceptual invariance,and contains both perceptual change and invariance.Both constancy and change belong to the level of perception,but not the different levels of physics and psychology.Transcendental perception is transient and immutable in an instant.The explanation of perceptual constancy needs to go beyond the conceptual gap of“physics-psychology”and the dual conceptual structure of“constancy-change”.