薄膜包装结合1-MCP对大同鲜黄花采后生理及品质影响

Effects of film packaging combined with 1-methylcyclopropene on postharvest physiology and quality of Datong fresh daylily

为确定适宜的鲜黄花贮藏条件,达到降低采后损失、延长货架期的目的,该研究采用不同厚度(30μm、40μm、50μm)聚乙烯(polyethylene,PE)薄膜包装结合1-甲基环丙烯(1-methylcyclopropene,1-MCP)对鲜黄花进行自发气调保鲜处理,在(0±0.5)℃贮藏条件下对鲜黄花相关品质指标变化以及微观结构特征等进行分析。结果表明,薄膜包装结合1-MCP处理是延长鲜黄花保鲜寿命的有效方式。在(0±0.5)℃贮藏条件下,50μm PE薄膜+1-MCP处理有效抑制了鲜黄花呼吸强度和乙烯释放速率的上升,减缓了硬度以及叶绿素含量的下降,维持了鲜黄花的色泽,降低失重率和腐烂率。贮藏至35 d时,50μm PE薄膜+1-MCP处理的呼吸强度、乙烯释放速率、硬度、叶绿素含量为61.25 mg CO_(2)/(kg·h)、55.29μL/(kg·h)、42.41 N、0.0149 mg/g,失重率和腐烂率比CK处理分别降低了0.66%和80.33%。还抑制组织相对电导率的上升和丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量的增高并有效提高了过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)活性,抑制了纤维素酶(cellulase,Cx)、β-葡萄糖苷酶(β-glucosidase,β-Glu)活性的上升。贮藏至35 d时,与CK处理相比,50μm PE薄膜+1-MCP处理的组织相对电导率和MDA含量降低了19.18%、17.51μg/g,POD、CAT活性高达15.05 U/(min·g)、85.28 U/(min·g),Cx、β-Glu活性低至707.86μg/(h·g)、209.41μg/(h·g),较好的保持了鲜黄花的细胞形态。其中,50μm PE薄膜+1-MCP处理为鲜黄花最佳保鲜方案。

To determine the suitable storage conditions for fresh daylilies,the purpose of reducing postharvest loss and extending shelf life was achieved.In this study,polyethylene(PE)film packaging with different thicknesses(30μm,40μm,50μm)combined with 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP)was used to self-regulate fresh daylily.The changes in quality indexes and microstructure of fresh daylily were analyzed under(0±0.5)℃.Results showed that the combination of film packaging and 1-MCP treatment was an effective way to prolong the freshness life of fresh daylily.Under the condition of(0±0.5)℃,50μm PE film+1-MCP treatment effectively inhibited the increase of respiration intensity and ethylene release rate of fresh daylily,slowed down the decline of hardness and chlorophyll content,maintained the color of fresh daylily and reduced the weight loss rate and decay rate.After storage for 35 days,the respiratory intensity,ethylene release rate,hardness,and chlorophyll content of 50μm PE film+1-MCP treatment were 61.25 mg CO_(2)/(kg·h),55.29μL/(kg·h),42.41 N and 0.0149 mg/g,the weight loss rate and decay rate decreased by 0.66%and 80.33%respectively compared with CK treatment.It also inhibited the increase of tissue relative conductivity and malondialdehyde(MDA)content,effectively improved the activities of peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT),and inhibited the increase of cellulase(Cx)andβ-glucosidase(β-Glu)activities.After storage for 35 days,compared with CK treatment,the tissue relative conductivity and malondialdehyde(MDA)content of samples treated with 50μm PE film+1-MCP were decreased by 19.18%and 17.51μg/g,and the POD and CAT activities were as high as 15.05 U/(min·g)and 85.28 U/(min·g),the activities of Cx andβ-Glu were as low as 707.86μg/(h·g)and 209.41μg/(h·g).The cell morphology of the fresh daylily was better maintained.Among them,50μm PE film+1-MCP treatment was the best preservation method for fresh daylily.