基于问题解决的单元作业设计模型建构及其实施路径

Construction of Unit Homework Design Model Based on Problem-Solving and Its Realization Path

长期以来,作业被视为巩固或补充教学的一个环节,这弱化甚至遮蔽了作业的独特育人价值。素养立意的作业是一种能动学习任务,以真实情境中复杂问题为逻辑起点,将问题解决能力作为直接目标,在综合考虑学生的生活情境、问题解决过程、所需条件和资源等核心要素的基础上,构建新的设计模式,进行单元整体设计,回归育人本质。这要求教师在设计作业时,遵循学生的学习发生规律,提高作业设计能力;关注学生的生活经验,设计适宜的作业情境和问题;明晰作业设计路径,指导学生开发作业资源;立足多元评价和反馈,反思与优化作业完成路径。

For a long time,homework has been regarded as a link to consolidate or supplement teaching,weakening or obscuring its unique educational value.Homework under the vision of competency is a kind of active learning tasks,which should take complex problems in real situations as logical starting point and problem-solving ability as direct goal.Based on comprehensive consideration of core elements such as students'life situations,problem-solving process,and required conditions and resources,it is necessary to construct new design pattern,carry out unit design,and return to its educational essence.This requires teachers to follow the rules of learning and improve their learning design ability,pay attention to students'life experience and design appropriate homework scenarios and questions,clarify design path and guide students in developing homework resources,and reflect and optimize homework completion path based on diverse assessment and feedback.