孕晚期孕妇心理健康现状及影响因素分析

The current situation of mental health of late pregnancy women and analysis of influencing factors

目的:调查孕晚期孕妇的心理健康情况,就孕晚期孕妇心理健康状况影响因素进行分析。方法:选取2022年5月—2023年4月聊城市东昌府区妇幼保健院产科收治112例孕晚期孕妇作为研究对象,调查其心理健康状况,并按照心理状态分为心理不良组(n=52)和健康组(n=60)。采用Logistic回归分析孕晚期孕妇出现不良心理状态的危险因素。结果:112例孕晚期孕妇中21例(18.75%)发生产后抑郁、22例(19.64%)发生产后焦虑、9例(8.04%)合并焦虑与抑郁,存在不良心理的孕妇整体占比46.43%(52/112)。单因素分析结果显示,心理不良组家庭经济收入、职业、产史、流产史、妊娠期并发症、对本次妊娠态度、性格倾向与健康组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,家庭收入低、初产妇、有流产史、存在妊娠并发症、性格内向、对本次妊娠持消极态度、职业为农民或工人是孕晚期孕妇出现不良心理的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:家庭经济收入、职业、产史、流产史、妊娠期并发症、对本次妊娠持消极态度、性格倾向、职业为农民或工人是孕晚期孕妇出现不良心理状态的危险因素,临床需要加强对可控因素的管理,改善妊娠结局,确保母婴健康。

Objective To investigate the psychological health status of women in late pregnancy and analyze the influencing factors of their psychological health status.Methods A total of 112 women in late pregnancy admitted to Obstetrical Department of Liaocheng Dongchangfu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital from May 2022 to April 2023 were selected as the research subjects.Their psychological health status was surveyed,and they were divided into the psychologically unhealthy group(n=52)and the healthy group(n=60)according to their psychological status.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for adverse psychological status in women in late pregnancy.Results Among the 112 women in late pregnancy selected,21 cases(18.75%)experienced postpartum depression,22 cases(19.64%)experienced postpartum anxiety,and 9 cases(8.04%)had both anxiety and depression,with an overall proportion of pregnant women with poor mental health of 46.43%(52/112).The results of univariate analysis showed that compared with the healthy group,there were statistically significant differences(P<0.05)in family income,occupation,obstetric history,history of miscarriage,complications during pregnancy,attitude towards this pregnancy,and personality traits in the psychologically unhealthy group.Logistic regression analysis showed that low family income,primiparity,history of miscarriage,presence of pregnancy complications,introverted personality,negative attitude towards this pregnancy and occupation of farmers or workers were independent risk factors for adverse psychological status in women in late pregnancy(P<0.05).Conclusions Family income,occupation,obstetric history,history of miscarriage,complications during pregnancy,attitude towards this pregnancy,personality traits,and occupation of farmers or workers are risk factors for adverse psychological status in women in late pregnancy.Clinical management of controllable factors should be strengthened to improve pregnancy outcomes and ensure maternal and infant health.