棉酚对雄性肉仔鸡脏器指数和血清氧化酶活性的影响

Effect of gossypol on organ index and serum oxidase activity in male broilers

试验旨在研究棉酚对不同生长阶段雄性肉仔鸡脏器指数及血清氧化酶活性的影响,选择1日龄48只雄性肉仔鸡,随机分为4组,即C组(对照组)、L组、M组、H组,每组4个重复,每个重复3只鸡。各组在饲喂基础日粮基础上根据体重每天分别灌入蒸馏水和100、150、200 mg/kg棉酚。试验期3周。结果显示:与C组相比,8日龄及13日龄试验组肉仔鸡肝脏指数均极显著升高(P<0.01);8日龄M组、13日龄H组和18日龄L组肉仔鸡脾脏指数均显著升高(P<0.05);13日龄M组肉仔鸡肾脏指数显著升高(P<0.05),H组肉仔鸡肾脏指数极显著升高(P<0.01)。8日龄M组、H组以及18日龄L组肉仔鸡法氏囊指数显著升高(P<0.05)。随着棉酚剂量增加,肉仔鸡血清丙二醛(MDA)的含量逐渐升高,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)逐渐降低,机体抗氧化能力下降。试验组肉仔鸡肝脏发生明显病变,出现肝脏细胞间隙变大、分布杂乱不整齐、肝脏细胞结构不完整和细胞膜溶解等病理特征。研究表明,灌喂100 mg/kg以上剂量的棉酚可影响雄性肉仔鸡肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、法氏囊的脏器指数,引起机体的氧化应激反应,降低其抗氧化能力,对肝脏造成损伤。

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of gossypol on organ index and serum oxidase activity of male broilers at different growth stages.Forty-eight male broilers aged one day were randomly divided into four groups,namely group C(control group),group L,group M and group H,with four replicate in each group and three broilers in each replicate.On the basis of being fed the basal diet,each group was injected with distilled water and 100,150 and 200 mg/kg of gossyrol per day according to their body weight,respectively.The experiment lasted for 3 weeks.The results showed that compared with group C,the liver index of broilers in the experimental groups at 8 days of age and 13 days of age was extremely increased(P<0.01).The spleen index of broilers at 8 days of age in the group M,13 days of age in the group H and 18 days of age in the group L were significantly increased(P<0.05).The kidney index of broilers in the group M and group H at 13 days of age was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the kidney index of broilers in the group H was extremely increased(P<0.01).The bursa index of broilers in the group M and group H at 8 days of age and in the group L at 18 days of age were significantly increased(P<0.05).With the increase of gossypol dose,the concentrations of MDA in serum increased gradually,SOD activity and T-AOC decreased gradually,and the antioxidant capacity of broilers decreased.The liver of broilers in the experimental group had obvious pathological changes,such as the gap of liver cells was enlarged,the distribution was disorderly,the structure of liver cells was incomplete,and the cell membrane was dissolved.The results showed that gossypol above 100 mg/kg could affect the organ index of the liver,spleen,kidney,and bursa of Fabry-Fascius of male broilers,inducing oxidative stress response,reducing antioxidant capacity and causing liver damage.