乳腺肿瘤患者病理诊断中使用免疫组化检查的准确性分析

Accuracy Analysis of Immunohistochemical Examination in Pathological Diagnosis of Breast Tumor Patients

目的 观察乳腺肿瘤患者病理诊断中使用免疫组化检查的准确性。方法 从2020年1月—2021年8月本院收治的乳腺肿瘤患者中随机选取71例作为研究对象,均采用免疫组化检查,整理并分析其病症类型、组织学特征情况、免疫组化检查与术后确诊结果的准确率、免疫组化检查结果等方面的情况。结果 71例乳腺肿瘤患者病症类型,以病理种类分类,包括浸润性导管癌占56.34%(40/71),黏液癌占33.80%(24/71),浸润性小叶癌占9.86%(7/71),以免疫组织化学分型分子种类分类中,Luminal A占21.13%(15/71),Luminal B占35.21%(25/71),HER-2过度表达占25.35%(18/71),三阴性乳腺癌占18.31%(13/71)。组织学特征情况:素受体阳性型占40.85%(29/71);激素受体阴性型占19.72%(14/71),HER-2阳性型占21.13%(15/71),基底细胞样占14.08%(10/71),正常乳腺样占4.23%(3/71)。免疫组化检查与术后确诊结果对比方面的准确率为100.00%;免疫组化检查结果中特异度包括P16基因为27.50%、P63抗体为85.00%、核蛋白Ki67为81.63%、表皮生长因子受体为89.99%、基底细胞角蛋白CK5/6为92.68%、原癌基因人类表皮生长因子受体2为95.24%,灵敏度包括P16基因为83.87%、P63抗体为77.42%、核蛋白Ki67为72.73%、表皮生长因子受体为70.00%、基底细胞角蛋白CK5/6为66.67%、原癌基因人类表皮生长因子受体2为65.52%。结论 对于乳腺肿瘤这种疾病来说,使用免疫组化检查可以提高诊断的精确性,减少误诊以及漏诊的情况发生,提高预后效果,为后续的临床治疗提供重要的科学依据,值得进行临床推广应用。

Objective To observe accuracy of immunohistochemistry in pathological diagnosis of breast tumor patients.Methods The paper chose 71 breast cancer patients admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to August 2021 as study subjects,treated with immunohistochemical examination.Disease types,histological characteristics,accuracy of immunohistochemical examination and postoperative diagnosis,and immunohistochemical examination Result were sorted and analyzed.Results Among 71 breast tumor patients,in terms of disease types according to pathological classification,invasive ductal carcinoma accounted for 56.34%(40/71),mucinous carcinoma accounted for 33.80%(24/71),invasive lobular carcinoma accounted for 9.86%(7/71).Based on immunohistochemistry molecular classification,Luminal A accounted for 21.13%(15/71),Luminal B accounted for 35.21%(25/71),and HER-2 overexpression accounted for 25.35%(18/71).Three negative breast cancer accounted for 18.31%(13/71).In terms of histological characteristics,hormone receptor positive type accounted for 40.85%(29/71).Hormone receptor negative type accounted for 19.72%(14/71),HER-2 positive type accounted for 21.13%(15/71),basal cell like type accounted for 14.08%(10/71),and normal breast like type accounted for 4.23%(3/71).Accuracy of immunohistochemical examination and postoperative diagnosis among 71 breast tumor patients was 100%.In terms of specificity of immunohistochemical examination results of 71 breast tumor patients,P16 gene was 27.50%,P63 antibody was 85.00%,nuclear protein Ki67 was 81.63%,epidermal growth factor receptor was 89.99%,basal cell keratin CK5/6 was 92.68%,and oncogene human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 was 95.24%.In terms of sensitivity in immunohistochemical examination results of 71 breast tumor patients,P16 gene was 83.87%,P63antibody was 77.42%,and nuclear protein Ki67 was 72.73%,epidermal growth factor receptor was 70.00%,basal cell keratin CK5/6 was 66.67%,and oncogene human epidermal growth factor receptor 2was 65.52%.Conclusion Immunohistochemistry can improve diagnostic accuracy,reduce misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis,improve prognosis,and provide important scientific basis for subsequent clinical treatment of breast tumors,which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.