青春期儿童生长发育迟缓临床特征及独立影响因素分析

Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Independent Influencing Factors of Growth Retardation in Adolescent Children

目的 分析青春期儿童生长发育迟缓临床特征及独立影响因素。方法 选取2021年6月—2023年6月本院收治的60例青春期生长发育迟缓患儿(观察组)和同期在本院体检的健康青春期儿童60例(对照组)作为研究对象。通过检测研究对象的血清维生素、叶酸、铁蛋白、胰岛素样生长因子-1、25-羟维生素-D、血钙等营养物质,同时测定生长激素水平、与骨密度等指标了解两组检测对象临床特征的差异。同时,通过询问调查对象本人和家长,对其基本情况(饮食、睡眠、情绪管理、运动情况)进行回溯性分析。结果 与对照组相比,观察组患儿血液中各类营养物质与生长激素、胰岛素样生长因子-1、25-羟维生素-D的含量均处于较低水平(P<0.05)。而分析影响发育迟缓的因素发现,遗传因素、母体因素、家庭教养因素和精神因素是影响发育迟缓发生率的主要因素,且观察组的不良因素发生率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 影响青春期发育迟缓发生率的因素比较复杂,且该疾病与患儿血液中部分营养物质的含量密切相关。

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and independent influencing factors of growth retardation in adolescent children.Methods 60 cases of adolescent growth retardation admitted to our hospital from June 2021 to June 2023(observation group) and 60 cases of healthy adolescent children(control group) who underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as research objects.The differences of clinical characteristics between the two groups were investigated by measuring the serum vitamin,folate,ferritin,insulin-like growth factor-1,25-hydroxyvitamin-D,blood calcium and other nutrients,as well as the levels of growth hormone,bone mineral density and other indicators.At the same time,retrospective analysis was conducted on the basic information(diet,sleep,emotional management,exercise) of the subjects by asking them and their parents.Results Compared with healthy adolescent children,the levels of various nutrients,growth hormone,insulin-like growth factor-1 and 25-hydroxyvitamin-D in the blood of adolescent children with growth retardation were all lower(P<0.05).The analysis of factors affecting developmental retardation found that genetic factors,maternal factors,family upbringing factors and mental factors were the main factors affecting the incidence of developmental retardation,and the incidence of adverse factors in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The factors affecting the incidence of pubertal stunting are more complex,and the disease is closely related to the content of some nutrients in the blood of children.