部分市售鲜切水果和现制果汁饮料微生物群落结构及耐药基因特征研究

Study on the microbial community and antimicrobial resistance genes characteristics of some commercially fresh-cut fruits and fruit juices made-in-place

目的 分析北京市部分市售鲜切水果和现制果汁饮料微生群落结构和耐药基因分布特征。方法 采用宏基因组测序技术对食品中细菌群落进行注释,使用综合抗生素耐药性数据库(CARD)对注释到的耐药基因进行比对。结果 使用宏基因组测序注释到13 239个菌种,其中相对丰度高于0.10%的共有51个菌种,食源性致病菌有金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus,3.49%),屎肠球菌(Enterococcus faecium,0.35%),宋内志贺菌(Shigella sonnei,0.33%),单核细胞增生李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes,0.27%),粪肠球菌(Enterococcus faecalis,0.26%),艰难梭菌(Clostridioides difficile,0.12%),麦氏弧菌(Vibrio metschnikovii,0.12%)和肠道沙门菌(Salmonella enterica,0.11%)。33个样品中检测到属于38个抗生素类型的855个耐药基因。结论 本研究初步了解到市售鲜切水果和现制果汁饮料中微生物群落结构和耐药基因分布,为进一步开展食品污染物监测提供了依据。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of microbial community and antimicrobial resistance genes of some fresh-cut fruits and fruit juices made-in-place in Beijing.Methods Metagenomic sequencing was used to annotate bacterial communities in food,and CARD(the Comprehensive Antibiotic Research Database)database was used to compare the annotated antimicrobial resistance genes.Results A total of 13239 species were annotated by metagenomic sequencing,of wchich there were 51 bacterial species with relative abundance higher than 0.10%.The foodborne pathogenic bacteria included Staphylococcus aureus(3.49%),Enterococcus faecium(0.35%),Shigella sonnei(0.33%),Listeria monocytogenes(0.27%),Enterococcus faecalis(0.26%),Clostridioides difficile(0.12%),Vibrio metschnikovii(0.12%),and Salmonella enterica(0.11%).A total of 855 antimicrobial resistance genes belonging to 38 antimicrobial types were detected in 33 samples.Conclusions This study provides a preliminary understanding of the characteristics of bacterial community and distribution of antimicrobial resistance genes in commercially available fresh-cut fruits and fruit juices made-in-place,laying the foundation for further monitoring of food contaminants.