考虑充放电成本的V2G参与用户细分及激励机制研究

V2G Participating in User Segmentation&Incentive Mechanism Considering Charging and Discharging Cost

随着电动汽车保有量持续增加,电动汽车成为重要的灵活性储备设备之一。对电动汽车用户进行细分,精准定位V2G最佳参与群体,可以有效提高电网应急管理效率并节省社会成本。考虑充电桩焦虑程度和电池损耗敏感度2个关键因素对电动汽车用户充放电成本的影响,构建了集中决策和分散决策2种情形下电网公司和电动汽车用户的决策模型,比较了2种情形下用户的最优服务电量,并给出了分散决策下电网收购价格的最佳范围。在此基础上,依据充放电成本提出了V2G最佳参与群体和备选群体的细分准则,并引入了“收购价格+补贴”的激励机制以扩大V2G最佳参与群体范围,进一步提高用户参与V2G的积极性及电网应急管理能力和效率。最后通过仿真分析验证了本文的模型与理论结果的可行性。

As the number of electric vehicles continues to increase,electric vehicles have become one of the important flexibility energy reserve equipment.Segmentation of electric vehicle users and accurate positioning of the best V2G participation groups can effectively improve the efficiency of grid emergency management and save social costs.Considering the impact of charging pile anxiety level and battery loss sensitivity on the charging and discharging cost of EV users,the decision-making model of grid company and EV users is constructed under centralized decision-making and decentralized decision-making.The optimal service capacity of the users is compared under the two situations,and the optimal range of grid purchase price is proposed under decentralized decision-making.On this basis,the segmentation criteria of the best V2G participating groups and alternative groups are proposed according to the charge and discharge cost,and the incentive mechanism of"purchase price+subsidy"is introduced to expand the scope of the best V2G participating groups,and further improve the enthusiasm of users to participate in V2G,the ability and efficiency of grid emergency management.Finally,the feasibility of the proposed model and theoretical results is verified by simulation analysis.