基于可达性分析的游憩服务流与服务级联研究——以秦皇岛碣石山风景区为例

Flow and Cascade of Recreation Services Based on Accessibility Analysis:A Case Study of Qinhuangdao's Jieshi Mountain Scenic Spot

理解游憩服务流动机制与服务级联对于实现生态系统服务与社会福祉协同提升具有促进作用。文章在明确游憩服务流与服务级联产生机制的基础上,提出游憩服务级联模式,即以游憩资源-服务潜力-游憩服务-使用者受益-福祉形成5个阶段来理解从游憩服务供给到人类福祉的过程;应用成本距离法和栅格耗费距离法,结合问卷调查与可达性和人口密度分析,对秦皇岛市碣石山风景区的市域尺度和区域尺度游憩服务流形态特征和流动机制进行研究,结果表明:不同空间尺度上的服务流模式主要有3种,即碣石山—秦皇岛模式,通过田园观光等游憩服务提供身心放松等最直接的收益形式;碣石山—秦皇岛—京津冀模式,作用于从身心健康到自我实现各个层级的福祉;碣石山—京津冀模式,以放松解压、锻炼身体为主要的游客受益形式。

Understanding the flow mechanism and cascade of recreational services can improve the coordination of ecosystem services and social welfare.This paper clarifies the mechanisms for the flow and cascade of recreation service,respectively,and puts forward a recreation service cascade model,which would make the process from recreation service supply to human well-being from the five stages of recreation resources,service potential,recreation service,user benefit,and well-being formation.Subsequently,the morphological characteristics and mechanism of recreational service flow at municipal and district scales are studied with Jieshi Mountain Scenic Spot in Qinhuangdao City in consideration of accessibility,questionnaire survey and population density analysis.Results show that the service flow modes varied on different spatial scales mainly across three recreation service flow modes,namely Jieshi mountain–Qinhuangdao city,which provides the most direct form of benefits such as physical and mental relaxation through recreational services such as rural tourism;Jieshi mountain-Qinhuangdao city-Beijing Tianjin Hebei region model operates on various levels of well-being,from physical and mental health to self realization;Jieshi mountain–Beijing Tianjin Hebei region model mainly benefits tourists by relaxing,reducing stress,and exercising their bodies.