飞行员膳食模式与血脂异常现况及相关性研究

Study on the current status and correlation between pilots dietary patterns and dyslipidemia

目的明确我军飞行员膳食模式与血脂异常现况及相关性,为提高飞行员战斗力提供理论依据。方法采用简化食物频率问卷进行现况调查,了解飞行员膳食营养信息;使用因子分析构建膳食模式,采用logistic回归分析查明不同膳食模式与血脂异常患病的相关性。结果132名研究对象中,血脂异常者占比为9.10%(12/132)。因子分析共提取出甜饮料海鲜模式、蔬菜粗粮模式、主食模式、加工肉菌菇模式、奶蛋类模式、米酒类模式6种膳食模式。调整混杂因素后,多因素logistic回归分析发现,最高和最低的三分位数比较,奶蛋类模式与血脂异常患病风险之间呈负相关(T3∶T1,OR=0.014);加工肉菌菇模式与血脂异常患病风险之间呈正相关(T3∶T1,OR=19.628);未发现甜饮料海鲜模式、蔬菜粗粮模式、主食模式及米酒类模式与血脂异常患病风险的相关性。结论奶蛋类模式可能会降低血脂异常患病风险,加工肉菌菇模式可能会增加血脂异常患病风险。

Objective To clarify the current status and correlation between dietary patterns and dyslipidemia among military pilots in order to provide a theoretical basis for improving their combat effectiveness.Methods A status survey was conducted using a simplified food frequency questionnaire to obtain nutritional information on pilots diets.Factor analysis was then applied to establish dietary patterns.Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the correlation between the prevalence of dyslipidemia and these dietary patterns.Results Among the 132 study participants,the prevalence of dyslipidemia was 9.10%(12/132).The factor analysis identified six dietary patterns:sweet beverage and seafood pattern,vegetable and roughage pattern,staple food pattern,processed meat and mushroom pattern,milk and egg pattern,and rice and wine pattern.After adjusting for potential confounding factors,multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the milk and egg pattern was negatively correlated with the risk of dyslipidemia by comparing the highest and lowest quantiles(T3∶T1,OR=0.014),while the processed meat and mushroom pattern was positively correlated with the risk of dyslipidemia(T3∶T1,OR=19.628).The sweet beverage and seafood pattern,vegetable and roughage pattern,staple food pattern,and rice and wine pattern were not found to be correlated with the risk of dyslipidemia.Conclusion Dietary patterns rich in milk and eggs may reduce the risk of dyslipidemia,while patterns rich in processed meat and mushrooms may increase the risk of dyslipidemia.