基于NIM-Sr1光晶格钟驾驭氢钟产生本地时标的研究

Research on generating a local time scale with NIM-Sr1 optical lattice clock

光钟在生成高性能原子时标方面有很大的潜力。本文介绍了以中国计量科学研究院(NIM)的NIM-Sr1光晶格钟为参考生成本地时标的基本思路,评估了实验室目前用作飞轮振荡器的HM57氢钟的噪声参数。针对NIM-Sr1光晶格钟作为基准钟长期间歇运行时的运行率和时间分布,设计了对测量数据的分段处理方式。通过对2022年9月和10月NIM-Sr1光晶格钟与HM57氢钟比对数据的后处理,生成了光钟驾驭的纸面时标TS(P),其在60天内相对于TT(BIPM22)的最大时间偏差为0.7 ns,验证了驾驭方法的可靠性。搭建了以NIM-Sr1光晶格钟为参考驾驭HM57氢钟生成本地实时物理时标的实验系统,并评估了2023年4月生成的实时物理时标TS(R)的性能,其在30天内相对于UTC的最大时间偏差为0.89 ns。

Optical clocks have great potential to generatie high-performance atomic time scales.This paper introduces the basic idea of generating a local time scale steered to NIM-Sr1 optical lattice clock of the National Institute of Metrology(NIM),and the evaluation of the noise parameters of the HM57 hydrogen maser which is currently used as the flywheel oscillator.When NIM-Sr1 is operated as a reference clock,it runs consecutively with interrupts.A post-processing steering algorithm is designed to match this operation condition with the comparison data between NIM-Sr1 and HM57 in September and October 2022.The post-processing time scale TS(P)steered to NIM-Sr1 has a maximum time deviation of 0.7 ns compared with TT(BIPM22)within 60 days.Moreover,a system with dedicated hardware and software is built to generate a real-time physical time scale by steering HM57 to NIM-Sr1.The generated real-time physical time scale TS(R)in April 2023 is evaluated with a maximum time deviation of 0.89 ns compared with UTC within 30 days.