微波宽带超高精度双向时间比对技术研究

Research on wideband microwave ultra-high precision two-way time comparison technology

当前微波双向时间比对技术广泛应用于视距区域站间时间同步领域,能够达到纳秒站间时间同步水平,对于时间同步指标更高的应用场景还有待进一步提升。本文利用大带宽扩频信号和载波相位在时间测量性能方面的潜在优异性能,提出了基于宽带信号调制解调技术的微波双向载波相位时间比对方法,设计了原型试验系统,利用氢原子钟和相位微跃计验证了实验室条件下系统的测量不确定度(A类)0.27 ps和分辨力4 ps,达到了预期效果,为后续远距离试验和应用推广奠定了坚实的技术和试验基础。

At present,microwave two-way time comparison technology is widely used in the field of inter-station time synchronization in the line-of-sight area,which can reach the nanosecond level.The application scenarios with higher time synchronization indicators need to be further improved.In this article,based on wideband signal modulation and demodulation technology,a microwave two-way carrier phase time comparison system is designed by taking advantage of the bandwidth spread spectrum signal and carrier phase measurement.The measurement uncertainty of the system is 0.27 ps and the resolution of 4 ps is verified by using a hydrogen atomic clock and phase offset generator under laboratory conditions,which achieves the expected effectiveness.It provides a solid technical and experimental foundation for subsequent long-distance experiments and application promotion.