基于ICOPE指南居家老人内在能力和功能发挥的分级研究

Graded Study on the Intrinsic Abilities and Functional Performance of Elderly Living at Home Based on the ICOPE Guidelines

基于ICOPE指南构建老年人功能状态分级模型,为老年居家照护服务的分级配置及预防老年人失能提供参考依据。采用多阶段整群随机抽样法,选取河南省鹤壁市6个社区2个村共352名老年人,使用CARE评估工具和内在能力测试条目进行老年综合评估,通过K-means聚类划分功能等级,并对不同功能等级老年人的评估结果进行比较。研究表明,不同内在能力和功能发挥的居家老年人既有慢性病管理、室内环境障碍等共性照护问题,又有功能分级差异带来的个性照护问题。基于ICOPE指南联合功能发挥和内在能力划分等级,为不同等级的老年人提供分级养老服务的护理模式,利于资源配置和延缓老年人失能发生,值得推广。

Constructing a grading model of functional status for elderly based on the ICOPE guidelines to provide reference for the grading configuration of home-based care services for elderly and preventing disability among elderly.Adopting multi-stage cluster random sampling method,a total of 352 elderly people from 6 communities and 2 villages in Hebi City of Henan Province were selected.CARE evaluation tool and intrinsic ability test items were used for comprehensive evaluation on elderly.K-means clustering was used to classify functional levels,and the evaluation results of elderly with different functional levels were compared.Research has shown that home-based elderly with different intrinsic abilities and functional performance have common care issues such as chronic disease management and indoor environmental barriers,as well as personalized care problems caused by differences in functional grading.Based on the ICOPE guidelines,a nursing model that combines functional performance and internal ability classification to provide graded elderly care services for elderly on different levels is beneficial for resource allocation and delaying the occurrence of disability among elderly,this is worth promoting.