福利治理:理据甄选、概念界说与价值取向

Welfare Governance:Rationale Selection,Conceptual Definition,and Value Orientation

合理且有效配置受经济与政治限制的福利资源以满足人类需要,一直是世界各国福利治理的重大议题。福利治理是20世纪70年代以来西方国家在应对福利危机的“去福利国家”环节中发展演变而来的社会产物。在福利政策实践中,新社群主义、“第三条道路”和福利多元主义为其内在的学理支撑。依循福利治理的生成过程和运作逻辑,表现出治理主体多元性、多元主体间关系的网络合作性以及分权化、准市场化和社会化等多重特征。秉持平等、民主和多元性发展原则,福利治理的价值取向从“个人主义”转向了“集体主义”。

The rational and effective allocation of welfare resources within the constraints of economics and politics to meet human needs has always been a major issue in welfare governance worldwide.Welfare governance is a social product that has evolved from Western countries’response to the welfare crisis during the“de-welfare state”phase since the 1970s.In the practice of welfare policy,new communitarianism,the“third way”and welfare pluralism have been its inherent doctrinal support.Following the generative process and operational logic of welfare governance,it demonstrates multiple characteristics such as the diversity of governing subjects,network cooperation among diverse subjects,decentralization,quasi-marketization,and socialization.Upholding the principles of equality,democracy,and pluralistic development,the value orientation of welfare governance has shifted from“individualism”to“collectivism”.