中青年围透析期患者心理痛苦轨迹的纵向研究

Longitudinal study of psychological distress trajectory in young and middle-aged patients during peridialysis period

目的:探索中青年围透析期患者心理痛苦的变化轨迹。方法:选取122例围透析期患者,采用自编一般资料问卷、心理痛苦筛查量表(DSS)、心理复原力量表(CD-RISC)、社会支持评估量表(SSRS)、自我感受负担量表(SPBS)分别在确诊诊断、初次透析、透析1月、透析2月、透析3月进行测评。使用增长混合模型识别心理痛苦轨迹类别。结果:患者的DSS和SPBS得分初次透析时最高,透析3月时最低,CD-RISC得分初次透析最低,透析3月最高,时间主效应有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。心理痛苦轨迹分为持续高水平(26.20%)、高水平下降(40.72%)和中低水平下降(33.08%)3个类型。结论:中青年围透析期患者从诊断到规律透析间心理痛苦呈现不同的变化轨迹,临床工作人员对初次透析患者的心理状况应给予更多关注。

Objective:To explore the changing trajectory of psychological distress in young and middle-aged patients during peridialysis period Methods:Totally 122 patients in the peridialysis period were investigated with the Self-Designed General Data Questionnaire,Distress Screening Scale(DSS),Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC),Social Support Revalued Scale(SSRS)and Self-Perceived Burden Scale(SPBS)at the time of diagnosis,initial dialysis,and dialysis for 1 month,2 months and 3 months,respectively.The growth mix model was used to identify trajectory categories.Results:The time main effect of scores of DSS,CD-RISC and SPBS in peridialysis patients was statistically significant(Ps<0.05),the scores of DSS and SPBS were the highest at the initial dialysis and the lowest at 3 months of dialysis.The CD-RISC scores were the lowest at the first dialysis and the highest at 3 months of dialysis.The trajectory of psychological distress was divided into 3 types,namely continuous high level(26.20%),high level decline(40.72%),and medium-low level decline(33.08%).Conclusion:The psychological distress of young and middle-aged peridialysis patients shows different trajectories from diagnosis to regular dialysis.Clinical staff should pay more attention to the psychological status of the first-time dialysis patients.