地西他滨联合预激方案治疗首程标准诱导化疗未缓解初诊AML患者的效果观察

Efficacy of Decitabine Combined with Preexcitation Regimen in Treatment of Newly Diagnosed AML Patients Who Did not Respond to Initial Standard Induction Chemotherapy

目的:探讨地西他滨联合预激方案治疗首程标准诱导化疗未缓解初诊急性髓系白血病(AML)患者的疗效及对调节性T淋巴细胞(Treg)相对含量的影响。方法:收集2013年3月-2019年3月陕西省人民医院收治的102例初诊经首程标准诱导化疗未缓解的AML患者(除急性早幼粒细胞白血病)的临床资料进行回顾性分析,根据治疗方案不同对患者进行分组,51例采用预激方案治疗为常规组,51例采用地西他滨联合预激方案治疗为联合组。比较两组疗效、毒副反应发生率、治疗前后生活质量核心量表(QLQ-C30)评分、T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)、Treg)及3年总生存率。结果:联合组治疗总有效率为80.39%,显著高于常规组的62.75%(P<0.05);治疗后联合组QLQ-C30评分为60.27±6.96,较常规组65.73±7.96低(P<0.001);两组毒副反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后联合组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平较常规组高(均P<0.001),而Treg水平较常规组低(P<0.001);联合组3年总生存率为72.55%,高于常规组的52.94%(P<0.001)。结论:地西他滨联合预激方案治疗初诊首程标准诱导化疗未缓解AML患者效果显著,可通过调节Treg相对含量减少抗肿瘤免疫抑制,增强机体免疫功能,从而延长患者生存时间,提高生存质量,且未增加不良反应。

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of decitabine combined with preexcitation regimen in the treatment of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia(AML)patients who have not been relieved by the first standard induction chemotherapy and its influence on the relative content of regulatory T lymphocytes(Tregs).Methods:The clinical data of 102 newly diagnosed AML patients(except acute promyelocytic leukemia)who did not relieve after initial standard induction chemotherapy in Shaanxi Provincial People′s Hospital from March 2013 to March 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Fifty-one patients who accepted pre-excitation regimen were divided into regular group,while another 51 patients treated with decitabine combined with pre-excitation regimen were divided into combination group.The efficacy,incidence of toxic and side effects,Core Scale of Quality of Life(QLQ-C30)score before and after treatment,T lymphocyte subsets(CD3^(+),CD4^(+),CD4^(+)/CD8^(+),Tregs)and 3-year overall survival(OS)rate were compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate of combination group was 80.39%,which was significantly higher than 62.75%of regular group(P<0.05).After treatment,the QLQ-C30 score of combination group was 60.27±6.96,which was significantly lower than 65.73±7.96 of regular group(P<0.001).There was no statistical difference in the incidence of toxic and side effects between the two groups(P>0.05).After treatment,the levels of CD3^(+),CD4^(+),CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)in the combination group were higher than those in the regular group(all P<0.001),while Treg was lower(P<0.001).The 3-year OS rate in the combination group was 72.55%,which was significantly higher than 52.94%in the regular group(P<0.001).Conclusion:Decitabine combined with preexcitation regimen has a significant effect on AML patients who have not been alleviated by standard induction chemotherapy in the first course of treatment.It can reduce anti-tumor immune suppression and improve immune function by regulating the relative content of Tregs,thus prolongs survival time and improves life quality of patients without increasing adverse reactions.