低山丘陵地貌类型林业生态建设与治理模式研究

Study on Forestry Ecological Construction and Management Model of Low Mountain and Hilly Landform Types

低山丘陵地区存在严重的水土流失问题,原因包括过度放牧、乱砍乱伐和陡坡开荒等。针对这一问题,可采取小型流域综合治理为主的水土流失治理模式。治理措施包括山顶封禁治理管理、山腰退耕还林和坡改梯防治技术。封禁山顶地区,恢复植被生长,定期禁止砍伐、割草和放牧,并对裸露的土地进行覆盖和种植草木。在山腰地区实行退耕还林策略,种植经济果树,并采用坡改梯技术建设平整的农田。此外,还应注重水利工程建设,解决林间灌溉问题,并推广节水灌溉技术。这些措施有助于改善低山丘陵地区的水土流失问题,保护生态环境。

There are serious problems of soil and water loss in low mountain and hilly areas,which are caused by overgrazing,unregulated cutting and steep slope clearing.To solve this problem,the soil and water loss control model based on comprehensive management of small watershed can be adopted.Management measures include mountaintop closure management,mountainside conversion of farmland to forest and slope modification control technology.Hilltop areas are closed,vegetation is restored,logging,mowing and grazing are regularly prohibited,and bare land is covered and planted.In the mountainside area,the strategy of returning farmland to forest is implemented,economic fruit trees are planted,and slope transformation technology is used to build flat farmland.In addition,we should also pay attention to the construction of water conservancy projects,solve the problem of irrigation among forests,and promote water-saving irrigation technology.These measures will help improve soil erosion in low mountain and hilly areas and protect the ecological environment.