山药多糖延缓秀丽隐杆线虫衰老的药效评价及作用机制研究

Pharmacodynamic Evaluation and Mechanism of Chinese Yam Polysaccharides in Delaying Senescence of Caenorhabditis elegans

目的:基于秀丽隐杆线虫模型考察山药多糖的抗衰老药效并探究其作用机制。方法:基于秀丽隐杆线虫模型,利用寿命、咽泵频率、身体活动频率、脂褐素荧光、抗压性实验、活性氧荧光、抗氧化酶活性等指标考察山药多糖的抗衰老药理活性;通过转录组数据分析,探究山药多糖的抗衰老药效机制。结果:山药多糖可以显著延长线虫的寿命,缓解衰老过程中咽泵频率以及身体活动频率的下降,降低衰老过程中脂褐素及活性氧积累并提高线虫的抗压能力和抗氧化活性。转录组学京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路分析发现,内分泌系统、细胞的生长和凋亡通路发生了显著的变化。山药多糖调控了30个与衰老相关的基因表达,且差异基因主要显著富集在自噬、哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)及胰岛素信号通路。结论:山药多糖具有抗衰老药理活性,转录组学数据揭示这种抗衰老作用可能与自噬、mTOR及胰岛素信号通路有关。

Objective:To investigate the anti-aging effect of Chinese yam polysaccharides and explore their mechanism of action based on the model of Caenorhabditis elegans(C.elegans).Methods:Based on the model of C.elegans,the anti-aging pharmacological activity of Chinese yam polysaccharides was investigated by using lifespan,pharyngeal pump frequency,physical activity frequency,lipofuscin fluorescence,compressive test,reactive oxygen species fluorescence,antioxidant enzyme activity,and other indicators.Transcriptome data analysis was used to explore the anti-aging mechanism of Chinese yam polysaccharides.Results:Chinese yam polysaccharides could prolong the lifespan of C.elegans,alleviate the decline of pharyngeal pump frequency and physical activity frequency,reduce the accumulation of lipofuscin and reactive oxygen species during aging,and improve the compressive capacity and antioxidant activity of C.elegans.Transcriptomics Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis revealed significant changes in the endocrine system,cell growth,and apoptosis pathway.Chinese yam polysaccharides regulated the expression of 30 aging-related genes,and differential genes were mainly significantly enriched in autophagy,mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),and insulin signaling pathways.Conclusion:Chinese yam polysaccharides have significant anti-aging pharmacological activity,and transcriptome data reveals that this anti-aging effect may be related to autophagy,mTOR,and insulin signaling pathways.