某市汽车制造业在岗工人生命质量现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the current situation of the quality of life and influencing factors of on-the-job workers in the automobile manufacturing industry in a certain city

目的调查分析某市汽车制造业在岗工人生命质量现状并探索影响因素。方法于2023年4—8月采用自行设计的问卷结合健康相关生命质量量表SF-36对某市汽车制造业1139名在岗工人进行问卷调查。结果该市汽车制造业在岗工人生命质量各维度得分分别为生理功能(86.87±16.94)分、生理职能(76.70±31.32)分、躯体疼痛(78.51±13.26)分、总体健康(72.92±18.93)分、活力(74.97±17.21)分、社会功能(85.85±16.36)分、情感职能(77.44±32.62)分、精神健康(74.13±16.40)分、生理健康(78.75±15.07)分、心理健康(78.10±16.12)分。其中生理功能维度的得分最高,总体健康维度的得分最低,与常模一致;生理功能、生理职能、躯体疼痛的得分低于常模,总体健康、活力、社会功能、情感职能、精神健康的得分高于常模。多因素分析结果显示,接害工龄、每周饮酒次数、糖尿病、每周熬夜次数是影响生命质量的危险因素;睡眠质量、月收入、每日睡眠时长、防护措施是影响生命质量的保护因素。结论该市汽车制造业在岗工人生命质量仍然存在上升空间,可以通过倡导工人养成良好生活习惯,重点关注接害岗位工人状况,监督防护措施的执行以提升工人生命质量。

Objective To investigate and analyze the current situation of the quality of life of on-the-job workers in automobile manufacturing industry in a city.Methods From April to August 2023,a self-designed questionnaire combined with the Health-related Quality of Life Scale(SF-36)was used to survey 1139 on-the-job workers in the automobile manufacturing industry in a city.Results The scores of quality of life of on-the-job workers in the automobile manufacturing industry in the city were as follows:physiological functions were(86.87±16.94)points,role-physical was(76.70±31.32)points,physical pain was(78.51±13.26)points,general health was(72.92±18.93)points,vitality was(74.97±17.21)points,social functions were(85.85±16.36)points,emotional functions were(77.44±32.62)points,mental health was(74.13±16.40)points,physical health was(78.75±15.07)points,psychological health was(78.10±16.12)points.Among them,the score of physiological function dimension was the highest,and the score of general health dimension was the lowest,which was consistent with the norm.The scores of physiological functions,role-physical,and physical pain were lower than those of the norm,and the scores of general health,vitality,social functions,emotional functions,and mental health were higher than those of the norm.Univariate analysis showed that working length in contact with hazardous factors,the number of drinking per week,diabetes,and the number of staying up late per week were the risk factors affecting the quality of life,while sleep quality,monthly income,daily sleep duration,and protective measures are protective factors that affect quality of life.Conclusion There is still room for improvement in the quality of life of the automobile manufacturing industry in the city.By advocating for workers to develop good living habits,focusing on the condition of workers in positions which are exposed to hazardous factors,and supervising the implementation of protective measures,the quality of life of workers can be improved.