有机源调理剂对草莓品质和土壤理化性质、细菌群落结构的影响

Effects of organic source conditioners on strawberry quality and soil physicochemical properties and bacterial community structure

为提升土壤质量,减少化肥用量,改善草莓品质,本研究以草莓品种红颜为试验材料,采用大棚小区试验,设置常规施肥(CK)、有机源调理剂4800 kg/hm^(2)+常规施肥(T1)、有机源调理剂4800 kg/hm^(2)+基肥减量10%(T2)、有机源调理剂4800 kg/hm^(2)+基肥减量20%(T3)、有机源调理剂4800 kg/hm^(2)+基肥减量30%(T4)5个处理,分析有机源调理剂应用与化肥减量对草莓产量、品质、根腐病发病率以及土壤理化性质和土壤细菌群落结构的影响。结果表明,与常规施肥相比,T1处理能显著提高草莓产量、土壤有机质含量和pH值,增加变形菌门和拟杆菌门细菌相对丰度。施用有机源调理剂能显著降低根腐病发病率(39.68%~64.09%)。T1和T4处理能降低放线菌门相对丰度。土壤有效磷含量、速效钾含量、有机质含量是土壤细菌群落结构的主要影响因子。T1处理对提高草莓产量和改善土壤细菌群落结构效果较好,T4处理对提高土壤有机质含量、改善团聚体结构和缓解土壤酸化效果较好。

In order to improve the soil quality,reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer and improve the quality of strawberry,a plot experiment was carried out in greenhouse with Hongyan as the experimental material in this study.Five treatments were set up:conventional fertilization(CK),4800 kg/hm^(2) organic source conditioner+conventional fertilization(T1),4800 kg/hm^(2) organic source conditioner+base fertilizer reduction 10%(T2),4800 kg/hm^(2) organic source conditioner+base fertilizer reduction 20%(T3),4800 kg/hm^(2) organic source conditioner+base fertilizer reduction 30%(T4).The effects of organic source conditioner application and chemical fertilizer reduction on strawberry yield,quality,root rot incidence,soil physical and chemical properties and soil bacterial community structure were analyzed.The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization,T1 treatment could significantly increase strawberry yield,soil organic matter content and pH value,and increase the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes.The application of organic source conditioner could significantly reduce the incidence of root rot(39.68%-64.09%).T1 and T4 treatments could reduce the relative abundance of Actinobacteria.Soil available phosphorus content,available potassium content and organic matter content were the main influencing factors of soil bacterial community structure.T1 treatment had a better effect on increasing strawberry yield and improving soil bacterial structure.T4 treatment had a better effect on increasing soil organic matter content,improving aggregate structure and alleviating soil acidification.