錢坫《詩音表》語音性質獻疑

Study on the Phonetic Nature of Qiandian’s Shiyinbiao

乾嘉年間錢坫的《詩音表》是清代研究上古聲母的重要著作,學界已對其古聲母研究成就有較多探討。本文從探討錢坫撰述《詩音表》的思路入手,分建立語音關係框架、選擇語音基礎、字組歸併入表三個層面來分析《詩音表》的語音性質。錢坫依據當時語音理念分爲十一張表,選擇熟悉的吴語爲語音基礎,構建各類聲母相諧關係,進行字組歸併,在歸併過程中進行古音考證,從而呈現出上古聲母系統。“雙聲”表顯示的聲母系統實際是吴語聲母系統在上古的鏡像投射。

Shiyinbiao of Qiandian,who lived during the Qianlong-Jiaqing period of the Qing dynasty,is an important work on the study of ancient consonants.There has been much discussion about its achievements in the academic field.By exploring Qian Jian’s approach to writing the Shiyinbiao,this article focuses on the phonetic properties of the Shiyinbiao through three aspects:establishment of the phonetic relationship framework,selection of phonetic foundations and table filling of character groups.Qiandian built eleven tables based on the phonetic concept at that time,and chose Wu language with which he was familiar as the phonetic foundation,constructing various consonant harmonic relationships,merging characters into different groups.Through that approach,Qiandian conducted his ancient phonetic research and presented the ancient consonant system.The initial consonant system displayed in the“Shuangsheng”table is actually a mirror projection of the Wu language’s ancient initial consonant system.