禄利、价值与政局:朱彝尊与徐乾学交游论

Stakes,Benefits and Political Situation:On the Association between Zhu Yizun and Xu Qianxue

清初权臣徐乾学与一代文儒朱彝尊志趣投合、互有短长,两人缔结文士之交后又因仕宦际遇而续增同僚之谊。便二人往来颇有断续,禄利与价值系徐、朱交谊中断与赓续之根本,而作为影响二人交谊走势重要因素的仕宦擢罢,实皆取决于康熙皇帝于政治时局之布控。徐乾学与朱彝尊交谊案例既体现徐、朱二氏品性胸襟的差异,又映射出当时利益为先,充满暗算、倾轧与妥协的士人众生面相与复杂官场生态,而二人的仕宦遭际又从更深层面反映出清初政局的变化与政策的相应调整。

In the early Qing Dynasty,Xu Qianxue,a powerful minister,and Zhu Yizun,a literary scholar,having similar interests and each's strengths and weaknesses,formed a scholarly relationship.Later,due to their official career,they continued to be colleagues and friends.However,their interactions were quite intermittent,and the fundamental reasons for the interruption and continuation of Xu and Zhuk's friendship were stakes and benefits.Official promotion or dismissal,which was an important factor affecting Xu and Zhu's friendship,actually depended on Emperor Kangxi's control of the political situation.The case of the association between Xu Qianxue and Zhu Yizun not only reflects the differences in character and breadth of mind between Xu and Zhu but also reveals the complex officialdom of literati who prioritized interests and were full of conspiracy,conflicts and compromises at that time.The official career that influenced their association also reflects the political changes and corresponding policy adjustments in the early Qing Dynasty at a deeper level.