美国大学生运动员奥运夺冠现象的多维审视与思考

Multi-dimensional Examination and Reflection on the Championship Winning Phenomenon of US College Athletes in Olympic Games

奥运冠军是彰显竞技体育人才培养质量的显著标志,审视美国大学生运动员奥运夺冠的独特现象,对我国大学竞技体育高质量发展具有一定启示。运用文献研究法和对比分析法对美国大学生运动员奥运夺冠现象进行多维分析。研究认为:美国凭借大学生运动员征战奥运的悠久历史经验、庞大的奥运参赛规模、均衡的奥运项目布局、强劲的竞技体育实力,助力美国奥运代表团位居奥运会金(奖)牌榜前列;通过多元协同的管理机制、深入推进的法治建设、健全完善的人才选拔机制、科技赋能的备战举措、结构均衡的赛事系统、支撑有力的服务保障,实现了美国以大学生运动员为主体的奥运夺冠路径。建议:在新发展阶段,我国应进一步深化大学竞技体育体制改革,加快大学竞技体育法治建设步伐,创新大学竞技体育人才选拔模式,转变大学生运动员训练备战方式,完善大学竞技体育竞赛结构体系,强化大学竞技体育服务保障。

Olympic championship is a significant symbol of the quality of competitive sports talent training.It is of great practical significance to examine the unique phenomenon of US college athletes winning the Olympic championship for promoting the high-quality development of college competitive sports in China.This paper mainly uses literature and comparative analysis to examine the phenomenon of US college athletes winning the Olympic championship in multiple dimensions.According to the research,the United States has a long history of college athletes competing in the Olympic Games,a large scale of participation in the Olympic Games,a balanced layout of Olympic events,and a strong competitive sports strength,which help the United States Olympic teams to rank at the top of the Olympic gold medal(award)list;through the diversified and coordinated management mechanism,the in-depth promotion of the rule of law,the sound and perfect talent selection mechanism,the technology-enabled preparation measures,the balanced competition system,and the support of strong service guarantee,the United States has realized the Olympic championship path with college athletes as the main body.In the new development stage,China should further deepen the reform of the system and mechanism of university competitive sports,speed up the construction of the rule of law of university competitive sports,innovate the selection mode of university competitive sports talents,transform the training and preparation methods of university athletes,improve the structure system of university competitive sports competition,and strengthen the service guarantee of university competitive sports.