罗布麻群落特征及其与气候因子的关系

Characteristics of Apocynum venetum Community and Its Relationship to Climatic Factors

罗布麻(Apocynum venetum)是我国重要的野生种质资源,研究罗布麻群落特征及其与环境因子的关系,对罗布麻种质资源保护和合理开发利用具有重要意义。该研究以分布于甘肃省金塔县、民勤县、内蒙古杭锦旗、扎鲁特旗和吉林省白城市的野生罗布麻为研究对象,以其群落组成和生境特征为研究基础,分析生物多样性及其与气候因子的关系,解析影响罗布麻群落变化的环境因子。结果表明:不同地区罗布麻样地生物多样性存在差异,5个样地物种多样性由高到低依次为扎鲁特旗、民勤县、白城市、金塔县、杭锦旗,扎鲁特旗生物多样性最高(H=2.591,D=2.511,E=0.796,R_(1)=44.833,R_(2)=6.423),杭锦旗生物多样性最低(H=1.173,D=0.915,E=0.564,R_(1)=3.641,R_(2)=1.968)。罗布麻群落物种多样性主要与降水、温度和蒸发量密切相关,尤其丰富度指数与5—7月的降水量显著正相关,可见生长季的降水量对群落物种多样性具有重要意义。

Apocynum venetum is an important wild germplasm resource in China,and understanding the characteristics of A.venetum community and its relationship with environmental factors is of great significance for the protection and rational development and utilization of A.venetum germplasm resources.The wild A.venetum distributed in Jinta County,Minqin County,Hangjinqi,Zhaluteqi,and Baicheng City were used as materials.Based on the community composition and habitat characteristics,the biodiversity and its relationship with climate factors,and environmental factors affecting the changes in A.venetum communities were analyzed respectively.The results showed that:the species diversity of the five plots from high to low was Zhaluteqi,Minqin County,Baicheng City,Jinta County,Hangjinqi,with Zhaluteqi having the highest biodiversity(H=2.591,D=2.511,E=0.796,R_(1)=44.833,R_(2)=6.423),and Hangjinqi had the lowest biodiversity(H=1.173,D=0.915,E=0.564,R_(1)=3.641,R_(2)=1.968).The species diversity of A.venetum community was closely related to precipitation,temperature and evaporation,especially the Gleason and Margalef index were significantly positively correlated with precipitation in May,June and July,indicating that precipitation during the growing season was important to community species diversity.