杭州第19届亚运会男子400 m栏决赛前3名运动员的竞技表现分析

An Analysis of the Competitive Performance of the Top Three Athletes in the Men's 40Om Hurdles Final in the 19th Hangzhou Asian Games

本文运用文献资料法、视频解析法、比较分析法和数理统计法等研究方法,对杭州第19届亚运会男子400 m栏决赛前3名运动员的竞技表现进行分析。结果显示,(1)反应时成绩不是影响运动员成绩的关键因素。(2)无论哪种类型的运动员都应保持节奏稳定,避免速度大幅波动,以确保技术水平的发挥。(3)运动员在第3栏阶段可能会降低速度、改变步长或变换攻栏腿,增加了跨栏技术的难度。(4)在400 m栏比赛中,起跑到第1栏的栏间步数会影响全程节奏;第1至第4栏阶段需培养速度和平跑能力;第4至第7栏阶段要维持速度耐力和抗乳酸能力;第7至第10栏阶段要保持速度准备冲刺;第10栏至终点阶段需加强乳酸堆积时的冲刺能力训练。基于此,建议:(1)运动员应根据自身节奏模式加强薄弱环节训练;(2)通过训练找到最佳节奏,加强非惯用脚技术训练或调整步幅和频率来保持使用惯用脚上栏;(3)运动员需注意栏上技术、起跨点和重心控制等细节,并根据个人特点决定加速时机,以达到最佳速度。

This paper uses research methods such as literature review,video analysis,comparative analysis and mathematical statistics to analyze the competitive performance of the top three athletes in the men's 400m hurdles final in the 19th Hangzhou Asian Games.The results show that:(1)reaction time performance is not a key factor affecting athlete performance.(2)Regardless of the type of athlete,they should maintain a stable rhythm and avoid significant fluctuations in speed to ensure the performance of their technical skills.(3)Athletes may reduce their speed,change their stride,or change their attacking legs during the third hurdle stage,which increases the difficulty of hurdle techniques.(4)In the 400m hurdles race,the number of steps between the starting and first hurdles will affect the overall rhythm;The first to fourth column stages require the cultivation of speed and running ability;athletes should maintain speed endurance and lactate resistance during columns 4 to 7,and maintain speed and prepare for a sprint during the 7th to 10th column stages;From column 10 to the final stage,it is necessary to strengthen the training of sprinting ability during lactate accumulation.Based on this,it is suggested that:(1)athletes should strengthen their training in weak areas according to their own rhythm pattern.(2)athletes should find the best rhythm through training,strengthen non habitual foot technique training,or adjust stride and frequency to maintain the use of habitual feet on the hurdles.(3)athletes need to pay attention to details such as hurdle techniques,takeoff points,and center of gravity control,and determine the timing of acceleration based on personal characteristics to achieve optimal speed.