杭州亚运会女单决赛孙颖莎和早田希娜技战术特征对比分析——基于乒乓球四段指标评估法

Comparative Analysis of the Technical and Tactical Characteristics of Sun Yingsha and Hayata Shina in the Women's Singles Final of Hangzhou Asian Games——based on Four Stage Index Evaluation Method in Table Tennis

本文运用录像观察法和四段指标评估法,对杭州亚运会女单决赛中孙颖莎和早田希娜的技战术特征进行对比分析。结果发现,(1)整体上看,孙颖莎四段的表现较好,接抢段使用较多;早田希娜更注重前4板的争夺,相持Ⅱ段是主要薄弱环节。(2)发抢段方面,孙颖莎的发球以中路和正手位短球落点为主,第三板攻击对方正手位的战术效果较好;而早田希娜发球落点多变、突然性强,第五板反手失分较多。(3)接抢段方面,孙颖莎多从对方反手位突破;早田希娜接发球变化较多且主动性强,第四板多从正手和中路突破。(4)相持Ⅰ段孙颖莎的表现全面优于早田希娜,但反手变线的失误较多;早田希娜对相持的准备不足,正手能力较弱。(5)相持Ⅱ段中孙颖莎处理中路球的表现较差,早田希娜整体相持能力欠缺。建议:(1)女子比赛应突出前三板技术的重要性;(2)在发抢段,孙颖莎需要提高对长球的应变能力,坚定己方战术的使用;(3)在接抢段,孙颖莎应加强接发球抢攻的威胁性,第四板注意正手和中路的来球;(4)在相持Ⅰ段,孙颖莎应提高反手变线的能力;(5)在相持Ⅱ段,孙颖莎应从正手斜线突破,加强回接中路球的能力。

A comparative analysis was conducted on the technical and tactical characteristics of Sun Yingsha and Hayata Shina in Hangzhou Asian Games using video observation and four stage indicator evaluation methods.The study found that:(1)overall,Sun Yingsha performed well in the four stages,with more use of the receiving and grabbing stages.Hayata Shina paid more attention to the competition for the first four boards,and the second stage of the stalemate was the main weak link;(2)In terms of serving and grabbing,Sun Yingsha's serve mainly focuses on short shots in the middle and forehand positions.The tactical effect of the third board attack on the opponent's forehand position is better.Hayata Shina's serve has a variety of landing points and strong suddenness,with more backhand losses in the fifth board;(3)In terms of receiving and grabbing shots,Sun Yingsha often breaks through from the opponent's backhand position,while Hayata Shina has more changes in receiving and serving and strong initiative.In the fourth board,she often breaks through from the forehand and center;(4)Sun Yingsha's performance in the first stage of the stalemate was generally better than that of Hina Hayata,but she made more mistakes in changing the backhand line.Hina Hayata was not well prepared for the stalemate and had weaker forehand abilities;(5)In the second stage of the stalemate,Sun Yingsha's performance in handling the middle ball was poor,and Hayata Shina's overall stalemate ability was lacking.Suggestions:(1)Women's competitions should highlight the importance of the first three board techniques;(2)In the attacking and grabbing stage,Sun Yingsha needs to improve her ability to adapt to long balls and firmly use her own tactics;(3)In the receiving and attacking section,Sun Yingsha should strengthen the threat of receiving and serving the ball,and pay attention to the incoming balls from the forehand and center in the fourth board;(4)In the first stage of the stalemate,Sun Yingsha should improve her ability to change backhand lines;(5)In the second stage of the stalemate,Sun Yingsha should break through from the forehand diagonal and strengthen her ability to catch the ball from the middle.