青少年校外身体活动的影响因素与组态路径——基于fsQCA的研究

Influencing Factors and Configuration Pathways of Extracurricular Physical Activities among Adolescents——A Study based on fsQCA

身体活动是影响体质健康的重要方式,“身体活动不足”已成为影响青少年体质健康的棘手问题。本文运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、fsQCA法,选取25个青少年身体活动的典型案例,探究自我效能感、健康知识、父母支持、同伴支持、政策支持及社区体育环境6个前因条件变量下青少年校外身体活动提升的联动效应与路径选择,多维度探索青少年校外身体活动的影响因素。结果显示,青少年校外身体活动水平是多种因素共同作用的结果,存在3条提升青少年校外身体活动的组态路径,即“动机激发型”“环境主导型”“社会支持型”。据此,建议:增强青少年的体育锻炼动机、积极建设以青少年为主的社区体育锻炼场地及不断完善青少年体育参与的社会支持机制等。

Physical activity is an important factor affecting physical health,and"insufficient physical activity"has become a serious problem affecting the physical health of adolescents.This paper adopts the methods of literature review,questionnaire survey and QCA research,and selects 25 adolescent physical activity cases as research objects to explore the linkage effect and path selection of adolescents'improvement in extracurricular physical activity under 6 ante-cause condition variables:self-efficacy,health knowledge,parental support,peer support,policy support and community sports environment,so as to explore the influencing factors of adolescents'extracurricular physical activity in multiple dimensions.The research results show that the level of extracurricular physical activity of adolescents is the result of multiple factors,and there are three ways to improve the level of extracurricular physical activity of adolescents,namely,“motivational type","environment-oriented type”and"social support type",The suggestions include enhancing the motivation of adolescents'physical exercise,actively building the community physical exercise venues dominated by adolescents,and improving the social support mechanism of adolescents'sports participation.