有氧运动对降低小学中高段学生抑郁发生率的行动研究

Action Research on Aerobic Exercise Reducing Depressive Symptoms in Middle to High Stage Primary School Students

通过探讨不同强度的有氧运动对小学中高段学生抑郁症状的作用,构建中大强度学校有氧运动模式,以降低小学中高段学生的抑郁率。本文采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、实验法、数理统计法等研究方法,随机抽取上海市松江区三至五年级学生各100名为调查对象,再从中随机抽取65名(CES-DC)得分高于15分的学生进行有氧体育运动干预实验,随机分为实验1组(15人)、实验2组(15人)、实验3组(15人)、实验4组(15人)、对照组(5人,不进行任何干预)。运用心率表对实验组的心率进行大、中、小强度监测,练习内容为跑(定时跑、定距跑、障碍跑)、韵律操操(低冲击踏板操、中高冲击踏板操)、武术(基本及组合、武术操、自编套路)和篮球(运、传、投技术、篮球赛),实验周期为3个月。在实验前后对65名学生进行CES-DC测试。结果显示,中大强度的有氧体育活动有利于降低小学中高段学生抑郁症状。鉴于此,通过不断优化体育课堂教学、构建新样态大课间、激活体育课后服务,构建中大强度学校有氧体育活动模式,可以降低小学校园抑郁发生率。

By exploring the effects of different intensities of aerobic exercise on depression symptoms in middle to high stage primary school students,a medium to high-intensity school aerobic exercise model is constructed to reduce the depression rate of middle to high stage primary school students.This article adopts research methods such as literature review,questionnaire survey,experimental method,and mathematical statistics to randomly select 100 students from grades 3 to 5 in Songjiang District,Shanghai as the survey subjects.Then,65 students with CES-DC scores higher than 15 are randomly selected for aerobic sports intervention experiments.They are randomly divided into Experiment 1 group(15 people),Experiment 2 group(15 people),Experiment 3 group(15 people),Experiment 4 group(15 people),and Control group(5 people,without any intervention).Using a heart rate meter to monitor the heart rate of the experimental group at high,medium,and low intensities,the exercise content includes running(timed running,fixed distance running,obstacle running),rhythmic exercises(low impact pedal exercises,medium high impact pedal exercises),martial arts(basic and combination,martial arts exercises,self-made routines),and basketball(dribbling,passing,throwing techniques,basketball games).The experimental period is 3 months,conducting CES-DC tests on 65 students before and after the experiment.The results show that moderate to high-intensity aerobic sports activities are beneficial for reducing depression symptoms in middle to high stage primary school students.In view of this,by continuously optimizing physical education classroom teaching,constructing new types of large breaks,activating physical education after-school services,and constructing a medium to high-intensity aerobic sports activity model in schools,the incidence of depression in primary school campuses can be reduced.