军事基础体能训练期间女性青年学员体成分状况及对称性研究

A Study on the Body Composition and Symmetry of Female Young Trainees during Military Basic Physical Training

目的:研究军事基础体能训练期间女性青年学员体成分状况及对称性的变化,为日常训练提供依据。方法:采用文献资料法、实验法、数理统计法,对25名健康女性受试者进行为期4个月军事基础体能,采用双能X射线骨密度仪进行体成分检测。结果:(1)右臂骨面积、骨矿含量、和骨密度显著高于左臂(P<0.05);(2)但右臂脂肪含量,脂肪百分比显著低于左臂(P>0.05);(3)右臂肌肉含量和整体质量显著高于左臂(P<0.01);(4)左右下肢骨面积、骨矿含量、骨密度、脂肪含量、肌肉含量、脂肪百分比不具有显著性差异(P>0.05);(5)整体Z评分的分布2~-1占64%,-1~-2占28%,<-2占8%。结论:基础体能训练期间女性学员上肢体成分肢体间存在差异,下肢体成分肢体不存在差异,整体上对称性较好,但整体Z评分的处在中风险和高风险比例较高,提示存在能量可利用性低的情况。建议:充分优化训练和营养方案,维持和提高骨健康。

This paper aims to study the changes in body composition and symmetry of female young trainees during military basic physical training,and provide a basis for daily training.Methods:Using literature review,experimental methods,and mathematical statistics,25 healthy female subjects were subjected to military basic physical fitness for a period of 4 months,and body composition testing was performed using a dual energy X-ray bone density meter.Results:(1)The bone area,bone mineral content,and bone density of the right arm were significantly higher than those of the left arm(P<0.05);(2)But the fat content and percentage in the right arm were significantly lower than those in the left arm(P>0.05);(3)The muscle content and overall weight of the right arm were significantly higher than those of the left arm(P<0.01).(4)There was no significant difference in bone area,bone mineral content,bone density,fat content,muscle content,and fat percentage between the left and right lower limbs(P>0.05).(5)In terms of the distribution of overall Z-score,2 to-1 accounts for 64%,-1 to-2 accounts for 28%,and<-2 accounts for 8%.Conclusion:During the basic physical training period,there are differences in the upper limb components among female students,while there are no differences in the lower limb components.Overall,the symmetry is good,but the overall Z-score is at medium and high risk,indicating a low availability of energy.It is suggested to fully optimize training and nutrition programs to maintain and improve bone health.