全寿命期视角下的超高层建筑低碳设计策略刍议

DISCUSSION ON LOW-CARBON DESIGN STRATEGIES FOR ULTRA-HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS BASED ON THE WHOLE LIFE CYCLE PERSPECTIVE

超高层建筑作为高密度城市的重要组成,在人均碳排放和单位面积碳排放方面都具有优势。尽管运营能耗是建筑全寿命期能耗的主体,但是我国当前仍处于快速建设阶段,建筑材料生产过程的碳排放要高于运营过程中的碳排放。因此,在以减少建筑运行能耗为目标的设计过程中,不应忽略材料生产和建造环节的碳排放。本文从建筑全寿命期视角出发,综合不同设计专业和尺度提出超高层建筑设计需着重考虑的四方面策略,包括综合提升城市微环境、多方位优化建筑方案、计算全寿命期能耗、使用智能化运营系统。

As important components for high-density cities,ultra-high-rise buildings have advantages in terms of carbon emissions per capita and per unit area.Although operational energy consumption is the main component of a building's whole life cycle energy consumption,China is still in rapid new construction stage,and the current carbon emissions generated in the building materials production and construction are higher than those in operation.Therefore,in the design process with the goal of reducing the energy consumption of building operation,the carbon emission during material production and construction should not be ignored.Based on different design disciplines and scales,this paper proposes four design strategies in different design stages of ultra-high-rise buildings from the perspective of the whole life cycle of buildings,including comprehensively improving the urban microenvironment,optimizing design by multi-faceted orientation,calculating whole life cycle energy consumption,and embracing intelligent operation systems.