区域国别学的对象论:世界社会的视角

The Object Theory of Area Studies:A World Society Perspective

区域国别研究从社会科学诸学科的交叉领域定位于具有国家学科分类管理体系内的一级学科地位的区域国别学,但是“区域国别学”从获致名分到学科建设取得被承认的实绩优先需要确立整合性的理论方法,而理论方法的整合性依赖于学科从业者迟早要达成共识的对象论。本文站在新文科建设的时代高度,提出把区域和国别都界定为社会范畴(不是与政治、经济等并列的领域,而是包含政治、经济等各个领域的人际活动总体),由此解决“区域”与“国别”的字面张力;然后从区域社会的内部结构和外部关联展示区域国别学的研究对象的主要构成,进而推导关于区域社会与世界社会的基本关系、以“社会”为对象的科学方法和建设人类命运共同体使命约束下的学科目的,初步在逻辑上检验区域国别学的对象论与理论方法、目的论的一致性。

Area studies,recognized as a first-level discipline in the national discipline classification management system,stems from the interdisciplinary convergence of social sciences.However,to enhance recognition and achievements in discipline construction,“area studies”needs to prioritize the establishment of integrated theoretical methodology,which relies on discipline practitioners’reaching a consensus regarding object theory sooner or later.Addressing the construction of new liberal arts era,this paper proposes defining both regions and countries as societal categories(not being on par with,but rather containing interpersonal activities across various fields such as politics and economics),so as to resolve the literal tension between“region”and“country”.Subsequently,the primary components that constitute research objects within area studies are revealed through the internal structure and external connections of regional societies.It further articulates the essential relationships between regional societies and the world society,the scientific methodology that considers“society”as the primary object,and the purpose imposed by building a community with a shared future for mankind,which can make preliminary tests towards the logical consistency among object theory,theoretical method,and teleology within area studies.