“霍桑归来记”——以1980年代后期“霍桑探案”小说的出版及视觉化改编为中心

"The Return of Hawthorne"-Centered on the Publication and Visual Adaptation of"Hawthorne Detective"Novels in the late1980s

程小青的“霍桑探案”系列小说作为民国时期最重要的中国本土侦探小说创作,曾经一度销声匿迹近40年。直到1986年才重新浮出历史地表,被群众出版社、吉林文史出版社等众多出版社在短短几年内大规模重新出版,其中市场化的驱动、文化政策的管控与学术出版的诉求交织在一起,形成了一个复杂的文化生态场域。而1989年“霍桑探案”连环画改编的集中问世,既是以小说的重新整理作为文本基础,也接续了1980年代中国连环画生产的热潮,同时还受到了日本漫画等外来艺术形式的影响。虽然,“霍桑探案”在1980年代后期的“归来”是短暂的,但却为我们提供了一个跨媒介、跨文化的视点,来观察当时社会经济变革、文化转型与文学生产。而其中所包含的市场追求、文化消费与新娱乐形式等面相,在随后到来的1990年代里,就愈加发展得浩浩荡荡、势不可挡。

Cheng Xiaoqing's"Hawthorne Detective"series novels,as the most important local Chinese detective novels in the Republic of China,once disappeared for nearly 40 years.It did not reemerge until 1986,and was republished on a large scale by numerous publishing houses such as the People's Publishing House and Jilin Literature and History Publishing House in just a few years,in which the market-oriented drive,the control of culture policies and the demands of academic publishing were intertwined,thereby forming a complex cultural ecological field.1989 witnessed the centralized release of the"Hawthorne detective"picture-story books adapted from Hawthorne detective novels,which was not only based on the rearrangement of the novels,but also followed the boom of Chinese comic production in the 1980s,and meanwhile was influenced by foreign art forms such as Japanese comics.Although the"return"of"Hawthorne detective"in the late 1980s was short-lived,it provided us with a cross-media and cross cultural perspective to observe the social and economic changes,cultural transformation and literary production at that time,while the market pursuit,cultural consumption,and new forms of entertainment thus included became increasingly powerful and unstoppable in the following 1990s.