新发展阶段提升我国新质生产力的创新战略

An Innovation Strategy to Enhance China's New Quality Productive Forces in the New Development Stage

当前,我国面临构建以我为主、自主可控产业链的新命题,“新质生产力”概念的适时提出为回答上述命题提供了关键有力的指引。从技术、要素和结构三个维度识别新质生产力的特征,认为提升新质生产力的关键在于破解传统发展路径下形成的“二元创新结构”。立足于我国逐渐积累的“新型大国优势”,提升新质生产力的基本思路在于强化“大国供需匹配机制”“人力资本偏向型创新机制”“体制型部门与产业部门融合机制”及“产业结构转换驱动要素配置机制”,进一步可分解为不同层面的创新路径选择:一是纠偏产业政策功能目标从“产能复制型扩张”转向“产业创新体系建设”;二是加快破除体制型创新部门融入产业链的“二元”体制;三是推进新兴产业与传统产业有序融合;四是以本地化创新集群强化区际技术优势互补;五是加快形成互动平衡的国内外一体化创新网络。

Currently,China faces the new task of constructing autonomous and controllable industrial chains.The timely proposal of the concept of"new quality productive forces"provides a critical and powerful guide to address this task.By identifying the characteristics of new quality productive forces from the dimensions of technology,elements,and structure,we believe that the key to enhancing new quality productive forces lies in breaking through the"dual innovation structure"formed under the traditional development path.Based on the"new type of major country advantages"that China has gradually accumulated,the basic approach to enhancing new quality productive forces is to strengthen the"major country supply-demand matching mechanism",the"human capitaloriented innovation mechanism",the"mechanism for integrating institutional and industrial sectors",and the"factor allocation mechanism driven by industrial structure transformation".This can be further broken down into innovation path choices at different levels:first,adjusting the functional goals of industrial policies from"expansion by capacity replication"to"building an industrial innovation system";second,accelerating the integration of institutional innovation sectors into industrial chains to eliminate the"dualistic"system;third,promoting the orderly integration of emerging and traditional industries;fourth,strengthening regional complementary technological advantages through localized innovation clusters;and fifth,accelerating the formation of an interactive and balanced domestic and international integrated innovation network.