环境治理过程中地方政府注意力分配差异的表征和逻辑——基于政策文本的量化分析

Representation and Logic of Attention Allocation Disparities in Local Government during Environmental Governance Processes:A Quantitative Analysis Based on Policy Texts

在生态文明建设推进的过程中,地方政府的环境政策供给存在差异和变化。基于社会表征理论,本文整合扎根理论和文本分析方法,以2015—2022年中国地方政府环境治理政策的文本数据,分析其治理过程中注意力差异化分配和内在逻辑。研究发现:(1)从注意力差异的结构化视角来看,地方政府环境政策工具选择侧重于命令—控制型政策工具,在政策工具具体内容选择方面也存在一定差异;(2)从注意力分配差异的成因化视角来看,情境回应逻辑和价值选择逻辑通过政策和社会情境回应、理念宣传和需求推动等方式,作用于地方政府的行为选择;(3)从注意力差异化的动态变迁来看,地方政府环境政策工具的选择从单一维度向组合运用转变,以注意力传导—嵌入、注意力正向反馈和注意力持续,呈现了地方政府环境治理注意力差异化分配的样态。本文将社会表征理论纳入公共政策研究视域,以政策工具的供给与组合表征注意力分配差异,进一步丰富了注意力分配研究,并从政策工具组合运用、回应社会需求的角度提出政策建议。

In the process of advancing ecological civilization construction,disparities and fluctuations are observed in the provision of environmental policies by local governments.Drawing upon social representation theory,this paper integrates grounded theory and textual analysis methods to examine the attention differentiation and underlying logic in the governance process of local envi⁃ronmental policies from 2015 to 2022 in China,based on textual data.The study reveals the following:Firstly,from a structured per⁃spective of attention differentiation,local government environmental policy tool selection emphasizes command-and-control policy tools,with certain disparities also evident in the specific content selection of policy tools.Secondly,from a causal perspective of at⁃tention allocation differences,situational response logic and value selection logic influence the behavioral choices of local govern⁃ments through policy and social context responses,ideological propaganda,and demand-driven approaches.Thirdly,from the per⁃spective of dynamic changes in attention differentiation,the selection of environmental policy tools by local governments shifts from a singular dimension to a combination of applications,demonstrating patterns of attention differentiation in local government envi⁃ronmental governance through attention guidance,embedding,positive feedback,and sustained attention.By incorporating social representation theory into the realm of public policy research,this paper enriches attention allocation studies by characterizing the use of policy tools,and proposes policy recommendations from the perspectives of complementary utilization of policy tools,situa⁃tional responses,and value guidance.