“草根领袖”何以推动社区微自治:居民主体性建构的行动框架——基于Q市J楼院自治的个案研究

How Can"Grassroots Leaders"Promote Community Micro-autonomy:An Action Framework Constructed by Residents'Subjectivity--Based on A Case Study of the Autonomy of J Building in Q City

社区治理的终极目标是回归社区居民自治本位,社区自治的基础是社区居民主动参与意愿的激发并形成集体行动选择,但城市社区强异质性使得社区自治成效后劲疲软。以楼院小区为基本单元实行的居民微自治,由于具有共同利益联结的优势,集体行动效能显著。集体行动中催生的“草根领袖”成为楼院自治的推动者,其纵横交织的动员策略对居民主体性建构起重要作用。自治组织需建立制度规范强化其合法性并约束成员行为,社区微自治的实现还需政府引导下的合作联盟赋权增能共同发力,推动基层政府从服务公民到培育公民自治角色的转变是未来社区治理工作的重点之一。

The ultimate goal of community governance is to return to the autonomy standard of community residents.The foundation of community autonomy is the stimulation of community residents’willingness to participate actively and the formation of collective choice.However,the strong heterogeneity of urban communities makes the effect of autonomy weak.Because of the advantages of common interests connection,the residents’micro-autonomy,which is carried out by the building and courtyard community as the basic unit,has remarkable collective action efficiency.The grassroots leaders who emerged from the collective action become the promoters of the realization of building autonomy and their interwoven mobilization strategies play an important role in the construc⁃tion of residents’subjectivity.Autonomous organizations need to establish institutional norms to strengthen their legitimacy and re⁃strain their members’behaviors.In addition,the realization of micro-autonomy also needs the cooperative alliance under the guid⁃ance of the government to empower and increase their power.Realizing the transformation from serving citizens to cultivating citi⁃zens is one of the key points of community work in the future.