毛泽东对马克思主义政治经济学的创造性发展

Mao Zedong's Innovative Advancement of Marxist Political Economy

本文以习近平关于毛泽东“对马克思主义政治经济学的创造性发展”的评价为根本依据和指导,阐述了新民主主义革命时期毛泽东将马克思主义政治经济学原理中国化、创造性地提出和确立新民主主义经济纲领的过程。新中国成立后,毛泽东继续将马克思主义政治经济学原理与中国社会主义革命和建设实际相结合,创造性地提出了一系列经济理论观点:论述了社会主义基本矛盾的学说,提出统筹兼顾、综合平衡的方针,强调以农业为基础、工业为主导、农轻重协调发展的路径,等等。毛泽东推进马克思主义政治经济学理论多方面创新,为我们留下了宝贵的经验,包括蕴含其中的科学方法论和对当年苏联经济理论及实践的超越。由于复杂原因,毛泽东对社会主义经济建设道路的探索产生过失误,“走过弯路”,但这些“失误和错误连同党的成功经验一起成为宝贵的历史教材”。毛泽东对马克思主义政治经济学的创新性发展在新时期和新时代得到发扬光大。

According to Xi Jinping,Mao Zedong made innovative advancements in Marxist political economy by tailoring its principles to Chinese conditions and introducing the new democratic economic program during the new-democratic revolution.Following the establishment of the People's Republic of China,Mao Zedong continued to merge Marxist political economy principles with the practices of China's social revolution and development,innovatively presenting various economic theories.These theories aligned the foundational principles of Marxist political economy with China's social and economic realities post-1949,highlighting the inherent contradictions in socialism,the importance of comprehensive planning and achieving a general balance,and advocating for a development strategy emphasizing agriculture as the foundation and industry as the leading factor,thereby promoting the coordinated development of agriculture,industry,and commerce.Mao Zedong's contributions significantly advanced Marxist political economic theory,offering valuable insights,including scientific methodology and advancements beyond Soviet economic theories and practices.Despite encountering some errors and deviations in exploring socialist economic development,these missteps,alongside the party's successful strategies,constitute important historical lessons.Mao Zedong's innovative contributions to Marxist political economy are recognized and built upon in the New Ear.