中东变局后美国中东水外交战略探析

Middle East Water Diplomatic Strategy of the United States after the Arab Spring

美国实施中东水外交战略的背景由中东地区水问题安全化、美国对水外交活动的关注度提升、中东变局对美国中东地位持续造成冲击三个方面构成。美国试图通过实施中东水外交战略缓和地区矛盾、维护其在中东的影响力、追求现实利益及支持战略结构的多边化转型。实施经济项目合作、开展人道主义援助、释放舆论信号、倡导多边协调平台,以及利用资金、组织和技术优势系统性参与中东多边水外交行动是美国采取的主要战略路径。这些举措使得美国的水外交战略既扮演了中东战略收缩的掩体,又在一定程度上提振了其在中东的软权力,局部修复了其在该地区的大国声誉。现阶段虽然美国的中东水外交战略具备一定公益性,但它仍是中东霸权战略下的产物,并且有不断向主流政治领域渗透的趋势。

The context in which the U.S.has implementated its Middle East water diplomay strategy consist of three aspacts:the securitization of regional water issues,the increased U.S.focus on water diplomacy activities,and the ongoing impact of the Arab Spring on the United States'approach.The reasons for the U.S.pursuing a water diplomatic strategy in the Middle East include easing regional conflicts,maintaining influence in the region,pursuing practical interests and supporting the transformation of strategic structures through multilateral efforts.The U.S.primarily employs methods such as economic project cooperation,humanitarian aid,public opinion signaling,advocating for multilateral coordination platforms,and leveraging its advantages in funding,organization,and technology to systematically engage in multilateral water diplomacy activities in the Middle East.These measures enable the U.S.water diplomatic strategy to mitigate strategic tensions in the Middle East,bolster its soft power in the region,and partially restore its reputation as a major global power in the Middle East.While the current water diplomatic strategy of the U.S.in the Middle East carries some elements of public welfare,it remains fundamentally rooted in a hegemonic approach and has a trend of constantly infiltrating the mainstream political field.