新质生产力与我国农业高质量发展的实现机制

New Quality Productivity and the Mechanism of Achieving High-quality Development of Agriculture in China

新质生产力是我国立足新时代发展背景提出的经济概念。本文将这一概念与农业高质量发展相联系,在梳理已有研究文献的基础上,从产业维度对这一概念的内涵特征进行再审视,认为新质生产力的形成取决于产业“三力”:产业形态重构力、产业结构重塑力、产业跃迁支撑力。在产业形态重构力方面,新时代我国农业的市场需求、生产方式、流通体系在发生深刻变革,农业内部存在新质生产力的生成逻辑,农业发展是新质生产力的一大来源。在产业结构重塑力方面,新时代我国农业对非农部门发展具有基础作用,包括战略新兴产业、未来产业在内的非农部门对农业发展具有推动作用,不同产业间的协同功能得以凸显。在产业跃迁支撑力方面,生产关系维度的经济制度完善,对于新质生产力发展具有支撑功能,新时代我国要实现农业高质量发展,就需着力完善与农业需求扩展、农业技术进步、农业组织创新、城乡要素流动、社会秩序平稳相关的经济制度。

New quality productivity is an economic concept proposed by China based on the development background of the new era.This article links this concept with the high-quality development of agriculture,and re-examines the connotation and characteristics of this concept from the industrial dimension based on reviewing existing research on new quality productivity.It is believed that the formation of new quality productivity depends on the“three forces”of industry:the restructuring force of industrial form,the reshaping force of industrial structure,and the support force of industrial transition.This article emphasizes that in terms of reshaping industrial forms,market demand,production methods,and circulation system of agriculture in China are undergoing profound changes in the new era.There is a logic for the generation of new quality productivity within agriculture,and agricultural development is a major source of new quality productivity.In terms of the restructuring of industrial structure,agriculture plays a fundamental role in the development of non-agricultural sector in the new era.Non-agricultural sector,including strategic emerging industries and future industries,plays a driving role in the development of agriculture,and the synergistic function between different industries is highlighted.In terms of the support of industrial transition,the improvement of economic system in the dimension of production relations has a supporting function for the development of new quality productivity.In order to achieve high-quality agricultural development in the new era,China needs to focus on improving the economic system related to the expansion of agricultural demand,agricultural technological progress,agricultural organizational innovation,urban-rural factor flow,and stable social order.