算法如何重塑劳动力剥削:对平台经济中劳动不可见化过程的审视

How Algorithms are Reshaping the Exploitation of Labour-power:Insights into the Process of Labour Invisibilization in the Platform Economy

马克思认为,劳动力在劳动过程中的生产性消费是价值创造的主要来源。资本家试图掩盖并获得工人对生产过程的贡献,而工人力图使他们的贡献得到充分承认。因此,资本与劳动的对抗建立在无酬劳动时间的占有和剥削之上。在当代资本主义社会中,这种不可见化过程仍然是一种剩余价值获取的相关方式,尤其是在平台经济中,其特点在于通过算法进行远程但无处不在的控制。重新发现这种剩余价值获取方式及其在平台劳动中的表现,将有助于对工作过程转型和剩余价值创造之间的关系有一个新的认识。

According to Marx,productive consumption of labour-power in the labour process is the main source of value creation.Capitalists seek to obscure and secure workers’contribution to the production process,while workers strive to have their contribution fully recognized.The confrontation between capitalists and workers is thus based on the appropriation and exploitation of unpaid labour time.In contemporary capitalism,this process of invisibilisation remains a relevant mode of surplus value capture,especially in the platform economy,characterised by remote but ubiquitous control through algorithms.Rediscovering this mode of surplus value capture and its manifestation in platform labour will contribute to a new understanding of the relationship between work process transformation and surplus value creation.